Section 191
Original German
191 Eben so theilen und vervielfältigen sich die Mittel für die particularisirten Bedürfnisse und überhaupt die Weisen ihrer Befriedigung, welche wieder relative Zwecke und abstracte Bedürfnisse werden; — eine ins Unendliche fortgehende Vervielfältigung, welche in eben dem Maaße eine Unterscheidung dieser Bestimmungen und Beurtheilung der Angemessenheit der Mittel zu ihren Zwecken, — die Verfeinerung, ist.
Musean translation
Machine-assisted Musean translation made directly from Hegel's German in the Berlin Nicolai first edition, dated 1821. Complete preface, introduction and sections 1–360, including the author's remarks and notes; no later Gans additions.
191 In the same way the means for the particularized needs, and generally the ways of their satisfaction, divide and multiply, themselves becoming in turn relative purposes and abstract needs; an endlessly continuing multiplication, which is in the same measure a distinction of these determinations and a judgment of the appropriateness of the means to their purposes—refinement.
Plain English translation
Independent machine-assisted Plain English translation made directly from the German first-edition source, not from the Musean edition or an existing English translation. Complete preface, introduction and sections 1–360 with the author's remarks and notes.
191 The means for particularized needs, and ways of satisfying them generally, are likewise divided and multiplied. In turn, these become relative ends and abstract needs. This multiplication continues without limit. To the same degree, it involves distinguishing these different features and judging how well the means suit their ends: refinement.
About this section
Section 191 is part of Elements of the Philosophy of Right by Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel. This page sets the German original beside 2 direct-source translations, so any line can be checked against the source. It is section 193 of 362 in the work, which is kept in the European tradition.
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