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Complete works. Original sources. Musean and plain-English translations.

Egyptian

wisdom instruction · Old Kingdom composition; Middle Kingdom witness The Instruction of Ptahhotep Ptahhotep (traditional attribution) 2 translations

funerary declaration · New Kingdom Egypt Book of the Dead, Spell 125A Traditional composition; Papyrus Nu witness 2 translations

negative declarations · New Kingdom Egypt Book of the Dead, Spell 125B Traditional composition; Papyrus Maiherperi witness 2 translations

hymn · 14th c. BCE Great Hymn to the Aten Unknown court composer 2 translations

Greek

philosophical dialogue · c. 399 BCE Apology Plato 2 translations

literary theory · c. 335 BCE Poetics Aristotle 2 translations

philosophy · early 2nd c. CE Enchiridion Epictetus 2 translations

lyric · 6th c. BCE Fragment 1 (Ode to Aphrodite) Sappho 3 translations

Roman

economic history · 1920 CE An Economic History of Rome to the End of the Republic Tenney Frank 2 translations

military history · 58–50 BCE Commentaries on the Gallic War Julius Caesar; Book 8 continued by Aulus Hirtius 2 translations

philosophical dialogue · 44 BCE Laelius on Friendship Marcus Tullius Cicero 2 translations

lyric · 1st c. BCE Odes 1.11 (Carpe Diem) Horace 3 translations

American Founding

founding document · July 4, 1776 Declaration of Independence Thomas Jefferson 2 translations

political essay · November 22, 1787 Federalist No. 10 James Madison 2 translations

political essay · April 1776 Thoughts on Government John Adams 2 translations

political address · September 19, 1796 Farewell Address George Washington 2 translations

moral and economic essay · 1757 The Way to Wealth Benjamin Franklin 2 translations

Arabic

qasida · 6th c. CE The Muʿallaqa of Imruʾ al-Qays Imruʾ al-Qays 2 translations

Chinese

historical novel · 14th c. CE Romance of the Three Kingdoms Luo Guanzhong 2 translations

strategy · c. 5th c. BCE The Art of War Sunzi 2 translations

philosophy · 4th c. BCE Daodejing Laozi 3 translations

Hindu

sacred dialogue · c. 2nd c. BCE–2nd c. CE Bhagavad Gita Vyāsa (traditional attribution) 2 translations

Persian

sacred hymns · c. 1200–1000 BCE The Gāthās of Zarathushtra Zarathushtra (traditional attribution) 2 translations

Alchemy

alchemical aphorisms · medieval Latin recension The Emerald Tablet Hermes Trismegistus (traditional attribution) 2 translations