Ipuwer (attributed) · Complete work
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8.1 𓅓𓂝𓎼𓄿𓅱𓐎𓅪𓏥[⯑]𓆑𓀻𓋴𓋴𓏛𓏥𓏏𓍃𓅓𓈖𓆑𓌳𓁹𓄿𓄿𓊢𓂝𓂻𓁷𓏤𓋴𓅱𓂧𓈖𓍖𓊌𓅓𓂝𓏏𓈖𓏥𓂜𓏏𓏭𓅪𓐍𓏏𓏛𓏥𓆑𓅓𓎟𓊢𓂝𓇤𓏤𓏛𓏥⟨m⟩ ⟨ḫꜣr,t⟩ m-ꜥ gꜣ,w(t) gmi̯ =f špss tm n =f mꜣꜣ ꜥḥꜥ ḥr swdn m =tn jw,tj ḫ,t =f m nb ꜥḥꜥ.pl
8.2 𓀙𓀀𓁷𓏤𓎛𓎿𓋴𓏭𓀁𓏏𓅱𓆑𓅓𓂝𓏏𓈖𓏥𓈙𓍯𓄿𓅱𓅱𓀢𓅪𓏥𓏌𓏤𓇾𓏤𓈇𓆣𓂋𓅓𓐍𓂤𓅱𓂧𓊋𓏛𓏥𓀀𓐍𓏏𓏛𓏥𓀀𓅓𓂜𓏏𓏭𓅪𓈖𓆑𓀀𓅓𓂝𓏏𓈖𓏥𓊪𓅱𓂡𓀀𓏥sr ḥr ḥsj.ṱ =f m =tn šwꜣw.w n.w tꜣ ḫpr m ḫwd⟨.pl⟩ ⟨nb⟩ ḫ,t m jw,tj-n≡f m =tn ⟨wd⟩p,w.pl
8.3 𓆣𓂋𓅓𓎟𓅱𓏥𓍏𓃀𓅯𓄿𓅱𓏊𓂡𓀀𓏥𓃹𓈖𓅓𓄋𓊪𓅱𓏏𓏭𓏴𓂻𓀀𓁷𓏤𓉔𓄿𓃀𓂻𓎡𓇋𓇋𓀀𓅓𓂝𓏏𓈖𓏥𓂜𓏏𓏭𓅪𓀀𓊪𓂝𓏏𓏖𓆑𓅓𓎟𓅓𓂝𓌨𓂋𓉐ḫpr m nb.w.pl wbꜣ.pl wn m wpw,tj ḥr hꜣb ky m =tn jw,tj pꜥ,t =f m nb mẖr ⟨ḥn.n.t(w)⟩
8.4 𓍁𓂝𓉐𓆑𓅓𓐍𓏏𓏛𓏥𓎡𓇋𓇋𓀀𓅓𓂝𓏏𓈖𓏥𓅱𓈙𓁸𓅪𓏥𓍲𓁸𓀀𓂜𓏏𓏭𓅪𓀀𓌸𓂋𓎛𓏏𓏊𓏥𓆑𓆣𓂋𓅓𓎟𓐍𓃀𓃀𓏏𓏊𓏥𓂝𓈖𓏏𓅂𓏊𓏥𓇛𓅓𓏛šnꜥ =f m ḫ,t ky m =tn wš šn(j) jw,tj mrḥ,t =f ḫpr m nb ḫbb,t.pl ꜥnt,jw nḏm
8.5 𓅓𓂝𓏏𓈖𓏥𓂜𓏏𓏭𓅪𓂾𓋴𓅱𓆱𓋴𓅓𓎟𓏏𓄿𓏏𓊪𓀋𓆱𓅠𓅓𓎛𓁺𓁷𓏤𓋴𓅓𓈗𓅓𓎟𓏏𓋹𓏤𓈔𓏏𓈖𓏥𓅓𓂝𓏏𓈖𓏥𓄤𓆑𓂋𓊃𓀀𓏤𓁷𓏤𓏶𓅓𓅱𓀁m =tn jw,t{j}⟨.t⟩ pds,w =s m ⸢nb,t⸣ ꜣtp gmḥ(.t) ḥr =s m mw m nb,t ꜥnḫ ={tn} m =tn nfr z ḥr wnm
8.6 𓂓𓏤𓈀𓏥𓆑𓊃𓈖𓌰𓅓𓅯𓀁𓐍𓏏𓏛𓏥𓎡𓅓𓄫𓅱𓏛𓄣𓏤𓂜𓈖𓈖𓎡𓎛𓆰𓈖𓆰𓈖𓂻𓂋𓎡𓅜𓐍𓅱𓏛𓏥𓊪𓅱𓈖𓊃𓀀𓏤𓏶𓅓𓅱𓀁𓂓𓏤𓈀𓏥𓆑𓎗𓅱𓏛𓇓𓅱𓊹𓅆𓈖kꜣ.pl =f snm ḫ,t =k m ꜣw(,t)-jb nn n =k ḥnḥn r =k ꜣḫ,w pw n z wnm kꜣ.pl =f wḏ sw nṯr n
8.7 𓎛𓎿𓋴𓏭𓀁𓈖𓆑 […] 𓂜𓊹𓅆𓆑𓁷𓏤𓅱𓂧𓈖𓏌𓅱𓍖𓏛𓈖𓆑𓅓𓊹𓌢𓏏𓂋𓇋𓆳𓈒𓏥𓈖𓎡𓇋𓇋𓀀𓂜[⯑]𓏏𓈖𓏥ḥsj.n =f […] ⟨ḫm⟩ nṯr =f ḥr wdn n =f m sntrj n(,j) ky n r[ḫ] =[f] [st] [m] =tn
8.8 𓀻𓋴𓏏𓏛𓁐𓏥𓅨𓂋𓇋𓇋𓏏𓁐𓏥𓎟𓏏𓀻𓋴𓋴𓅱𓏛𓏥𓁷𓏤𓂋𓂝𓈖𓄟𓋴𓅱𓀗𓀀𓁐𓏥𓋴𓈖𓏥𓈖𓎛𓆰𓈖𓏏𓎡𓂤𓍱𓏏𓉐𓏥𓅓𓂝𓏏𓈖𓏥𓇋𓋴𓊃𓀀𓏤 […]šps,t.pl wr,yt⟨.pl⟩ nb,t⟨.pl⟩ špss,w ḥr rḏi̯{.n}(.t) ms.w.pl =sn n ḥnk,t.pl m =tn js z […]
8.9 𓀻𓋴𓏏𓏛𓁐𓅓𓈞𓏏𓁐𓈖𓐍𓅱𓏛𓂡𓈖𓇓𓅱𓇋𓏏𓆑𓀀𓋴𓂜𓏏𓏭𓅪𓁷𓏤𓋴𓌳𓄿𓅓𓅱𓌪𓂡𓆑𓅓𓂝𓏏𓈖𓏥𓄟𓋴𓀗𓀀𓁐𓏥𓊋𓏏𓀗𓀀𓏥𓅓[⯑] […]šps,t m ḥm,t nḫw.n sw jt =s jw,tj ḥr smꜣm.w =f m =tn ms.pl qnb,t m ⸮js,[ywt]? […]
8.10 𓏌𓏤𓎛𓏏𓅱𓃒𓏥𓋴𓈖𓏥𓈖𓇉𓄿𓈎𓇋𓇋𓅱𓏛𓂡𓀀𓏥𓅓𓂝𓏏𓈖𓏥𓇓𓏏𓈖𓇋𓇋𓅱𓀀𓏥𓁷𓏤𓈎𓈖𓈎𓈖𓏴𓂡 […] 𓈎𓈖𓈎𓈖𓏴𓂡𓅓𓃒𓏥[⯑] […]n.w ḥ{t}⟨w⟩,w =sn n ḥꜣq.yw.pl m =tn nsw,y.w.pl ḥr qnqn […] qnqn m jḥ.pl mꜣj[r] […]
8.11 [⯑]𓅓𓂝𓏏𓈖𓏥𓏏𓍃𓅓𓏛𓋴𓆑𓏏𓌪𓂡𓈖𓆑𓁷𓏤𓋴𓆑𓏏𓌪𓂡𓏶𓈋𓅱𓃒𓏥𓐍𓅓𓂜𓎛𓆰𓈖𓏏𓍔𓄿𓁷𓏤[⯑] […][ḥꜣ]q.wy.pl m =tn tm sft n =f ḥr sft wnḏ,w ḫm ḥntꜣ ḥr mꜣ[ꜣ] […]
8.12 𓎟𓅓𓂝𓏏𓈖𓏥𓇓𓏏𓈖𓇋𓇋𓅱𓀀𓏥𓁷𓏤[⯑] […] [⯑]𓅓𓂋𓏤𓅯𓏥𓂞𓂞𓅱𓏏 […] 𓂞𓂞𓅱𓏏𓊹𓊹𓊹𓅆𓏥𓂋𓌥𓃀𓅱𓏛𓇋𓍯𓄿𓅱𓃒𓏥𓅓𓂝𓏏𓈖𓏥𓍛𓏏𓏤𓁐𓏥[⯑] […]nb m =tn nsw,y.w.pl ḥr qnq[n] […] qnq[n] m rʾ.pl ḏḏ.tw ⟨n⟩ […] ḏḏ.tw nṯr.pl r-ḏbꜣ,w jwꜣ,w m =tn ḥm,t.pl ⸢ꜣ⸣ […]
8.13 𓁷𓏤𓅱𓂧𓈖𓏌𓅱𓍖𓏛𓏥𓄿𓊪𓎛𓅱𓀗𓏥[⯑]𓇋𓂋𓏭 […] 𓅓𓂝𓏏𓈖𓏥𓀻𓋴𓏏𓏛𓁐𓏥𓁷𓏤𓋴𓐍𓋴𓂻𓅓𓌡𓂝𓏏𓋴𓈖𓏥ḥr wdn{.pl} ꜣpḥ.w.pl šps[,t].pl jr,j […] m =tn šps,t.pl ḥr sḫs m ⸮⟨rw,wt⟩? wꜥ[.t] _ =sn
8.14 𓊪𓏏𓐍𓅱𓂻𓅓𓅾𓀁𓈖𓅓𓏏𓀏𓁷𓂋𓇯𓅱𓀀𓏥𓈖𓏏𓇾𓏤𓈇𓁷𓏤𓋴𓐍𓋴𓂻𓂜𓈖𓎛𓆰𓈖𓏏𓀗𓀁𓈖𓋴𓈖𓏥𓅓𓂝𓎼𓄿𓅱𓏏𓐎𓅪𓏥𓎟[⯑]ptḫ.w m snḏ n mwt ⟨m⟩ =⟨tn⟩ ḥr,j.w.pl n{.t} tꜣ ḥr sḫs nn ḥn,t n =sn m-ꜥ gꜣ,wt nb ḥs[,t.pl] [m] =[tn]
Musean translation
Mouseia’s complete machine-assisted Musean translation, made directly from the Egyptian, line for line, covering all seventeen columns of the recto of Papyrus Leiden I 344, the only surviving copy, working from the Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae transcription (hieroglyphs, transliteration and lemma glosses, with the TLA editors’ German sentence renderings as a comprehension aid; ORAEC release of the TLA corpus, CC BY-SA 4.0).
8.1 〈as〉 a widow because of want — he finds riches. He who was never looked at stands, making himself important. Look, he who had no property is an owner of wealth;
8.2 and the official sings his praises. Look, the poor of the land have become rich men; the 〈owner〉 of property is a man of nothing. Look, 〈butlers〉 have become
8.3 owners of cupbearers. He who was a messenger now sends another. Look, he who had no peat-loaf is an owner of granaries, 〈furnished〉
8.4 with the goods of another. Look, he whose hair has fallen out, who had no oil, has become an owner of khebbet-jars of sweet myrrh.
8.5 Look, she who had no casket is an owner of a carrying-chest; she who glimpsed her face in the water is an owner of a mirror. Look, happy is the man who eats his food:
8.6 Eat your food in joy, with nothing held back from you! It is a good thing for a man to eat his food: god allots it to whom he has favored.
8.7 …whom he has favored. […] One 〈who does not know〉 his god offers to him with the incense of another, without [his] knowing [it]. Look, the noble ladies, the great ladies, the mistresses of riches
8.8 give their children for bed-covers. Look, a man […] makes a noble lady his wife, her father having protected him;
8.9 yet the have-not slays him. Look, the children of the council are in ol[d clothes]; [the calves of their cattle belong to plunderers …]
8.10 Look, the king's men smash and devour the cattle; the oppressed […] the plunderers.
8.11 The plunderers: he who could not slaughter for himself slaughters shorthorn cattle; he who knew no butchery sees every […]
8.12 every man. Look, the king's men smash and devour the geese; in place of longhorn cattle they are given 〈to〉 the gods! Look, the maidservants
8.13 offer the pigs; the noble ladies thereof 〈…〉. Look, the noble ladies flee in a single rush, their
8.14 bodies felled in fear of death. 〈Look〉, the chiefs of the land flee; they have no occupation, for lack of a lord of fav[ors]. [Look,] the owners of beds are on the ground.
Plain English translation
Mouseia’s complete Plain English edition, made independently and directly from the same Egyptian text, line for line, covering all seventeen columns of the recto of Papyrus Leiden I 344, the only surviving copy.
8.1 as a widower because he had nothing now finds wealth. A man nobody looked at stands as an important person. Look, a man who had nothing now owns riches,
8.2 and an official praises him. Look, the country's poor have become rich, while a man who owned property now has nothing. Look, the servers
8.3 now own attendants, and the former messenger sends someone else. Look, a man who had no loaf now owns a storehouse, stocked
8.4 with things that belong to someone else. Look, a man whose hair fell out and who had no oil now owns jars of sweet myrrh.
8.5 Look, a woman who had no small chest now owns a carrying chest; one who used to see her face reflected in water now owns a mirror. Look, a man enjoys eating
8.6 his food. Eat what you have gladly, with no one to stop you! It is good for a man to eat his food: god gives it to a man he favors.
8.7 […] A man who does not know his god offers him someone else's incense without realizing it. Look, wealthy and powerful women who own riches give away their children in exchange for beds.
8.8 Look, a man […] takes a wealthy woman for his wife, and her father has protected him,
8.9 but a man who has nothing kills him. Look, the councilors' children wear old clothes; […] their cattle belong to looters.
8.10 Look, butchers kill cattle, while the miserable […] looters.
8.11 Look, a man who could not slaughter an animal now slaughters short-horned cattle; a man who did not know butchery now sees […].
8.12 Look, butchers slaughter […] geese. These are given to the gods in place of long-horned cattle! Look, servant women […]
8.13 are offering pigs, while the wealthy women […]. Look, wealthy women flee together in a rush; their […] lie flat
8.14 in fear of death. Look, the leaders of the land are fleeing; they have no work because there is no lord to reward them. Look, the owners of beds lie on the ground.