Ipuwer (attributed) · Complete work
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3.1 [⯑]𓂧𓈙𓂋𓏏𓀗𓌙𓈉𓆱𓏏𓏤𓇾𓏤𓈇𓐍𓃀𓅯𓄿𓌸𓂡𓌔𓏏𓌙𓀀𓁐𓏥𓈉𓂋𓅱𓏏𓏭𓇯𓇍𓇋𓇋𓏏𓂻𓍘𓇋𓈖𓆎𓅓𓏏𓊖𓇋𓅱𓄟𓋴𓀁𓄭𓂋𓏏𓂻 […][jw] [m]s dšr,t ḫt tꜣ ⟨spꜣ,t.pl⟩ ḫbꜣ pḏ,t rw,tj jy.tj n Km,t jw ms spr.t […]
3.2 𓂜𓈖𓄟𓋴𓀗𓃹𓈖𓂋𓍿𓀀𓁐𓏥𓅓𓊨𓏏𓉐𓎟𓇋𓅱𓄟𓋴𓀁𓋞𓐍𓊃𓃀𓂧𓈒𓏥𓌉𓋞𓅓𓂝𓆑𓎡𓏏𓈒𓏥𓎛𓌳𓄿𓎼𓄿𓏏𓈒𓏥𓎛𓋴𓏠𓈖𓍖𓈒𓏥[⯑]𓈖𓏥nn ms wn r(m)ṯ.pl m s,t nb(.t) jw ms nbw ḫsbd ḥḏ mfk,t ḥmꜣgꜣ,t ḥsmn jbh,t [⸮ꜥꜣ,t?] =⸮n?
3.3 𓏠𓈖𓐍𓅱𓍊𓂡𓂋𓐍𓐍𓅱𓄈𓄹𓈖𓈖𓍛𓏏𓏤𓁐𓏥𓀻𓋴𓋴𓏏𓏛𓏥𓆱𓐍𓏏𓂻𓇾𓏤𓈇𓎟𓏏𓏥𓉐𓏤𓏥𓁷𓏤𓆓𓂧𓇉𓄿𓀁𓈖𓈖𓏥𓏶𓅓𓅱𓀁𓍘𓇋𓈖𓈖𓏥𓇋𓅱𓄟𓋴𓀁[⯑] […]⸢mnḫ.w⸣ r ḫḫ n(,j) ḥm,t.pl špss{,t} ⸢ḫt⸣ tꜣ nb,t.pl-pr.pl ḥr ḏd ḥꜣ n =n wnm.tj{n} =n jw ms bwi̯[_] […]
3.4 [⯑]𓀻𓋴𓏏𓏛𓁐𓏥𓎛𓂝𓄹𓏥𓋴𓈖𓏥𓊃𓈖𓌰𓅓𓅯𓅪𓏥𓅓𓂝𓇋𓇩𓋴𓇋𓇋𓅱𓏏𓆰𓍱𓏥𓄣𓏤𓏥𓋴𓈖𓏥𓃀𓏏𓎡𓅱𓂻𓁷𓏤𓐩𓏌𓀁[⯑] […] 𓇋𓅱[…].pl šps,t.pl ḥꜥ.pl =sn snm m-ꜥ js,ywt jb.pl =sn btk.w ḥr nḏ ⸢ḫr,t⸣ […] jw
3.5 [⯑]𓅠𓅓𓅠𓏴𓂡𓉔𓈖𓏌𓅱𓀗𓆱𓏥𓏌𓏤𓉔𓄿𓃀𓈖𓏭𓍁𓆭𓏥𓋴𓋴𓇛𓅓𓏛𓆭𓏥𓀻𓋴𓏏𓏛𓏴𓂡𓏏𓅱𓆑𓅓𓄿𓏏𓅱𓏏𓆱𓏥 […]⸢ms⸣ gmgm hnw.pl n.w hꜣbnj ssnḏm šps{t} ⸮swꜣ?.tw =f m ꜣt,wt.⸢pl⸣ […]
3.6 𓋴𓈖𓏥𓇋𓅱𓄟𓋴𓀁𓀨𓅱𓂡𓀀𓏥𓂝𓈎𓂻𓏥𓅓𓌤𓅱𓏏𓏭𓅂𓂡𓀀𓏥𓃹𓈖𓅱𓏥𓅓𓂧𓊪𓏏𓊛𓊹𓅆[⯑] […] 𓂜𓄟𓋴𓀁𓐍𓂧𓊛𓏏𓅱𓂋=sn jw ms qd.w.pl ⸢ꜥq.pl⸣ ⸢m⸣ ⸢ꜥḥ⸣,wtj.pl wn.w.pl m dp,t-nṯr nḥb […] n ms ḫdi̯ =⸢tw⸣ r
3.7 [⯑]𓏇𓈖𓇳𓊪𓅱𓏏𓂋𓇋𓆳𓀁𓁹𓍘𓇋𓈖𓏥𓂋𓂝𓈙𓅱𓐎𓆭𓏥𓈖𓊃𓂝𓎛𓅱𓋨𓀻𓏥𓈖𓏥𓈎𓂋𓋴𓀗𓂡𓏏𓅱[⯑]𓏎𓈖𓏌𓅱𓏛𓏥𓋴𓈖𓏥𓋴𓂧𓅱𓐍𓐎𓏛𓏏𓅱[Kp]nj mjn pw-trj jri̯.tj =n r ꜥš.w.pl n sꜥḥ.w.pl =n qrs.tw wꜥb[.pl] [m] jn,w =sn sdwḫ.tw
3.8 𓀗𓅱𓀀𓏥𓅓𓋴𓆑𓏏𓏊𓏥𓇋𓂋𓏭𓂋𓏠𓈖𓅓𓏛𓎡𓆑𓄿𓅂𓅱𓌙𓈉𓂜𓇍𓇋𓂻𓈖𓋴𓈖𓏥𓌉𓏴𓅪𓋞𓈒𓏥𓐖𓈖𓏛𓈖𓏏[⯑]𓎟⸢wr.w⸣.pl m sft.pl jr,j r-mn-((m)) Kfꜣt,jw n jy.n =sn ḥḏi̯ nbw qn ⸮[wꜣḥ]? ⟨jnr⟩ n{.t} kꜣ,t nb(.t)
3.9 𓎡𓆑𓄿𓅱𓄖𓏛 […] 𓈖𓏏𓇓𓏏𓈖𓅆𓉐𓏤𓋹𓍑𓋴𓅨𓂋𓅱𓏭𓂻𓅱𓐎𓏏𓅂𓌙𓀀𓁐𓏥𓈉𓌨𓂋𓎛𓃀𓇋𓇋𓏏𓈒𓏥𓋴𓈖𓏥[⯑][⯑]𓅓𓂋𓂧𓅓𓏏𓆰𓏥𓇅𓆓𓏛𓏥⸢kfꜣ⸣ ⟨…⟩ n.t pr-nsw ꜥnḫ-(w)ḏꜣ-s(nb) wr.wj jwi̯ wḥꜣ,tjw ẖr ḥb,yt =sn tmꜣm,wy⸢.pl⸣ [⸮sḏr?].pl m rdm,t wꜣḏ(.t)
3.10 [⯑]𓏌𓏤𓄿𓊪𓂧𓅱𓅬𓏥𓅱𓇉𓄿𓅱𓏏𓂡𓏥𓇋𓅱𓄟𓋴𓀁𓋁𓃀𓐎𓈉𓊖𓏏𓈖𓏭𓌙𓅯𓊖[⯑]𓇗𓂝𓏏𓀗𓊖𓂜𓅡𓎡𓂡𓈖[__]n.pl n.w ꜣpd,w ⟨trj⟩ ⸮⸢wḥꜣ.w{t}⸣? jw ms Ꜣb(w) Tnj ⸮[spꜣ]⸢,t.pl⸣? šmꜥ.t n bꜣk n
3.11 [⯑]𓌉𓆓𓏴𓅪𓀀𓇹𓏏𓈒𓏥𓆓𓂝𓃀𓏏𓈒𓏥𓇋𓁹𓅂𓈒𓏥𓌳𓐙𓂝𓅱𓆱𓏥𓈖𓍇𓏌𓅱𓏏𓆱𓏥𓈙𓏏𓍔𓄿𓅱𓆱𓏥𓂓𓏏𓀋𓏛𓏥𓍍𓅱𓏛𓂡𓀀𓏥[⯑][ḥꜣ]ꜥ,yt ḥḏi̯ ={j} wꜥḥ ḏꜥb,t jrt,jw mꜣꜥ,w nw,t štꜣ,w kꜣ,t.pl ḥmw.pl ḏꜣ[r,t]
3.12 [⯑]𓆎𓅓𓅱𓏛𓏥𓉥𓂝𓉐𓇋𓅱𓉐𓌉𓉐𓂋𓅓𓂝𓅱𓅓𓐍𓂸𓏏𓏥𓂜𓅡𓎡𓅱𓏛𓏥𓆑𓄤𓆑𓂋𓇋𓋴𓄣𓏤𓈖𓇓𓏏𓈖𓅆𓂻𓅱𓈖𓆑𓌳𓐙𓂝𓏏𓆄𓏛𓏥𓐍𓂋𓇋𓋴[⸮q?]mj,t km.w.pl ꜥḥ jw pr-ḥḏ r-m.w m-ḫm,t bꜣk,w =f nfr js jb n(,j) nsw jwi̯ n =f mꜣꜥ,t ḫr js
3.13 𓆓𓂧𓈉𓏏𓏤𓎟𓈗𓈖𓏥𓊪𓅱𓇅𓆓𓏛𓈖𓏥𓊪𓅱𓊪𓅱𓏏𓂋𓇋𓆳𓀁𓁹𓏏𓈖𓏥𓂋𓊃𓍯𓄿𓅱𓅱𓈐𓂋𓄿𓈎𓅱𓅪𓏥𓇋𓅱𓄟𓋴𓀁𓋴𓃀𓏏𓄑𓀁𓄿𓈎𓅱𓅪⸮⸢ḏd⸣? ḫꜣs,t nb(.t) mw =n pw wꜣḏ =n pw pw-trj jri̯.t =n r =s wꜣ.ww r ꜣq,w jw ms sbt ꜣq.w
3.14 𓂜𓁹𓂋𓏏𓅱𓆑𓇋𓐛𓅓𓏏𓀁𓊪𓅱[⯑][⯑][⯑]𓈙𓃀𓈖𓏴𓏛𓁷𓏤𓈖𓐍𓅱𓏏𓀁𓏥𓇋𓅱𓄟𓋴𓀁𓎟𓅓𓈖𓏏𓏭𓃹𓈖𓏛𓀀𓃹𓈖𓏌𓅱𓏥𓅓⸮n? jri̯.tw =f jm{t} pw n,t[j] ḫt tꜣ šbn ḥr nḫ,wt jw ms ⟨jw,tj⟩ nb m n,tj-wn wn,w.pl m
Musean translation
Mouseia’s complete machine-assisted Musean translation, made directly from the Egyptian, line for line, covering all seventeen columns of the recto of Papyrus Leiden I 344, the only surviving copy, working from the Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae transcription (hieroglyphs, transliteration and lemma glosses, with the TLA editors’ German sentence renderings as a comprehension aid; ORAEC release of the TLA corpus, CC BY-SA 4.0).
3.1 Indeed, the desert is throughout the land; the 〈nomes〉 are hacked apart; the foreign bow-people have come to Egypt. Indeed, […] reach […]
3.2 There are no people anywhere. Indeed, gold, lapis lazuli, silver, turquoise, garnet, amethyst, gneiss (?), our [precious stones (?)]
3.3 are hung on the necks of the maidservants. Riches are throughout the land, yet the mistresses of the houses say: "Would that we had something we might eat!" Indeed, […] abhor […] the noble ladies,
3.4 […] noble ladies: their limbs are saddened because of old rags; their hearts are afflicted at the greeting […]. Indeed,
3.5 chests of ebony are smashed; the splendid sesnedjem-wood is broken off the beds — their
3.6 their […] Indeed, the masons have become field laborers; those who were on the god's barque are harnessed […] and no one sails north today to
3.7 Byblos. What shall we do about pines for our mummies, with whose products the priests are buried, and with whose oil the great
3.8 are anointed. From as far as Keftiu they do not come! Gold has perished; ceased is the storing of stone for every work;
3.9 Uncovered is the 〈…〉 of the King's Estate, life, prosperity, health. How great is the coming of the oasis-dwellers with their festal offerings: mats and [sleeping mats] of fresh galingale;
3.10 The fowl's 〈…〉 are plucked. Indeed, Elephantine and Thinis, the Upper Egyptian [nomes], do not pay tax because of [st]rife.
3.11 Strife: I am destroyed — the chufa, the charcoal, the blue plant-dye, the maau-wood, the newet-wood, the brushwood, the works of the craftsmen, the ca[rob] […]
3.12 What is the treasury for, without its revenues? For good indeed is the heart of the king when Maat comes to him;
3.13 every foreign land [says]: "He is our water, he is our good fortune!" What shall we do about it, now that it has come to ruin? Indeed, laughter has perished
3.14 and is not done. It is mourning that is throughout the land, mingled with wailing. Indeed, every 〈have-not〉 is a man of substance; those who were
Plain English translation
Mouseia’s complete Plain English edition, made independently and directly from the same Egyptian text, line for line, covering all seventeen columns of the recto of Papyrus Leiden I 344, the only surviving copy.
3.1 Indeed, the desert is all over the land; districts have been broken up. The foreign bowmen have come to Egypt. Indeed, […] have reached […].
3.2 There are no people anywhere. Indeed, gold, lapis lazuli, silver, turquoise, garnet, amethyst, and gneiss, our precious stones,
3.3 hang around the necks of servant women. Valuables are everywhere, but the women who own houses say, “If only we had something to eat!” Indeed, […] despise […].
3.4 […] noblewomen; their bodies suffer in old clothes, their hearts are troubled as they ask after […]. Indeed,
3.5 chests made of ebony are smashed. Fine wood is broken off the beds […]
3.6 […]. Indeed, builders have become farmworkers. Those who used to be in the god's boat are yoked […]. No one travels north to
3.7 Byblos today. What will we do for pinewood for our mummies? Priests are buried with its products, and the great are embalmed
3.8 with its oils. Even from Keftiu they no longer come. Gold has run out; the stacking of stone for every work has stopped.
3.9 […] belonging to the royal estate has been stripped bare. How remarkable that oasis people arrive carrying their festival offerings: mats, sleeping mats of fresh grass,
3.10 […] of birds, and gathered reeds. Indeed, Elephantine, Thinis, and the districts of Upper Egypt do not pay taxes because of
3.11 unrest. Tiger nuts, charcoal, blue plant dye, various kinds of timber, the work of craftspeople, and colocynth
3.12 and gum, the palace's due payments, are destroyed. What good is the treasury without its revenue? The king's heart is glad when Maat, justice, comes to him, and
3.13 all foreign lands say, “He is our water; he is our prosperity.” What can we do about it, now that it is heading for ruin? Indeed, laughter has died
3.14 and no longer happens. Mourning is everywhere in the land, mixed with cries of grief. Indeed, every person with nothing has become wealthy; those who used to be