Attributed to Nestor the Chronicler · Complete work
852–897: The Varangians Are Called and Oleg Takes Kyiv
852–897: The Varangians Are Called and Oleg Takes Kyiv of 46. Read it here for reference, or continue through the entire work without leaving the reader.
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В лѣто 6360, индикта 15, наченшю Михаилу цесарьствовати, нача ся прозывати Руская земля. О семъ бо увѣдахом, яко при сем цесари приходиша Русь на Цесарьград, якоже писашеть в лѣтописании грѣцком Тѣмьже и отселѣ почнем и числа положим, яко от Адама до потопа лѣт 2242, а от потопа до Аврама лѣт 1082, от Аврама до исхожения Моисѣева лѣтъ 430; от исхожения Моисѣова до Давида лѣт 601, от Давида и от начала царства Соломоня до плѣнения Иеросалимова лѣт 448, от плѣнения до Александра лѣт 318, от Лександра до Христова рожества лѣт 333, от Христова рожьства до Костянтина лѣт 318, от Костянтина же до Михаила сего лѣт 542. От пѣрьваго лѣта Михаила сего до пѣрваго лѣта Олгова рускаго князя, лѣт 29, от пѣрваго лѣта Олгова, понелѣже сѣде в Киевѣ, до пѣрваго лѣта Игорева лѣто 31, от пѣрваго лѣта Игорева до пѣрваго лѣта Святославля лѣт 33, от пѣрваго лѣта Святославля до пѣрваго лѣта Ярополча лѣт 28, Ярополкъ княжи лѣт 8, Володимеръ княжи лѣт 37, Ярославъ княжи лѣт 40. Тѣмьже от смерти Святославля до смерти Ярославли лѣт 85, от смерти Ярославли до смерти Святополчи лѣт 60.
Но мы на предлежащее възъвратимся и скажемъ, что ся удѣяло в лѣта си, якоже преже почали бяхомъ пѣрвое лѣто Михаила, и по ряду положимъ числа.
В лѣто 6361.
В лѣто 6362.
В лѣто 6363.
В лѣто 6364.
В лѣто 6365.
В лѣто 6366. Михаилъ цесарь изыде с вои берегом и моремъ на болъгары. Болгар(е) же увидѣвьше, не могоша стати противу, креститися просиша, покорятися грѣком. Цесарь же крести князя ихъ и бояры вся и миръ сътвори съ болгары.
В лѣто 6367. Имаху дань варязи, приходяще изъ заморья, на чюди, и на словѣнехъ, и на меряхъ и на всѣхъ, кривичахъ. А козаре имахуть на полянех, и на сѣверехъ, и на вятичихъ, имаху по бѣлѣ и вѣверици тако от дыма.
В лѣто 6368.
В лѣто 6369.
В лѣто 6370. И изгнаша варягы за море, и не даша имъ дани, и почаша сами в собѣ володѣти. И не бѣ в нихъ правды, и въста родъ на род, и быша усобицѣ в них, и воевати сами на ся почаша. И ркоша: «Поищемъ сами в собѣ князя, иже бы володѣлъ нами и рядилъ по ряду, по праву.» Идоша за море к варягом, к руси. Сице бо звахуть ты варягы русь, яко се друзии зовутся свее, друзии же урмани, аньгляне, инѣи и готе, тако и си. Ркоша руси чюдь, словенѣ, кривичи и вся: «Земля наша велика и обилна, а наряда въ ней нѣтъ. Да поидете княжить и володѣть нами». И изъбрашася трие брата с роды своими, и пояша по собѣ всю русь, и придоша къ словѣномъ пѣрвѣе. И срубиша город Ладогу. И сѣде старѣйший в Ладозѣ Рюрикъ, а другий, Синеусъ на Бѣлѣ озерѣ, а третѣй Труворъ въ Изборьсцѣ. И от тѣхъ варягъ прозвася Руская земля. По дъвою же лѣту умре Синеусъ и братъ его Труворъ. И прия Рюрикъ власть всю одинъ, и пришед къ Ильмерю, и сруби город надъ Волховом, и прозваша и́ Новъгород, и сѣдѣ ту, княжа, и раздая мужемъ своимъ волости и городы рубити: овому Полътескъ, овому Ростовъ, другому Бѣлоозеро. И по тѣмь городомъ суть находницѣ варязи; пѣрвии населници в Новѣгородѣ словенѣ, и в Полотьскѣ кривичи, Ростовѣ меряне, Бѣлѣозерѣ весь, Муромѣ мурома. И тѣми всѣми обладаше Рюрикъ.
И бяста у него два мужа, не племени его, но боярина, и та испросистася къ Цесарюграду с родом своимъ. И поидоста по Дънепру, идуче мимо и узрѣста на горѣ городокъ. И въспрошаста, ркуще: «Чий се городъ?» Они же ркоша: «Была суть три братья — Кий, Щекъ, Хоривъ, иже сдѣлаша городъ сий, и изъгыбоша, а мы сѣдимъ род ихъ, и платимы дань козаром». Асколдъ же и Диръ остаста в городе семъ, и многы варягы съвокуписта и начаста владѣти польскою землею, Рюрику же княжящу в Новѣгородѣ.
В лѣто 6371.
В лѣто 6372.
В лѣто 6373.
В лѣто 6374. Иде Асколдъ и Диръ на Грѣкы, и приде въ 14 лѣто ( Михаила цесаря. Цесарю же отшедъшю на агаряны, и дошедшю ему Черное рѣкы, вѣсть епархъ посла ему, яко русь идеть на Цесарьград, и воротися цесарь. Си же внутрь Суда вшедъше, много убийство християномъ створиша, и въ двою сту кораблий Цесарьград оступиша. Цесарь же одва в городъ вниде, и с патриарьхом Фотиемъ къ сущий церкви святий Богородици Вълахерни всю нощь молитву створиша, такоже божественую ризу святыя Богородица с пѣсьнѣми изнесъше, в рѣку омочиша. Тишинѣ сущи и морю укротившюся, абье буря с вѣтром въста, и волнамъ великымъ въставшим засобь, и безъбожных руси корабля смяте, и къ берегу привѣрже, и изби я, яко малу ихъ от таковыя бѣды избыти и въсвояси възвратишася.
В лѣто 6375.
В лѣто 6376. Поча цесарствовати Василий.
В лѣто 6377. Крещена бысть вся земля Болгарьская.
В лѣто 6378.
В лѣто 6379.
В лѣто 6380.
В лѣто 6381.
В лѣто 6382.
В лѣто 6383.
В лѣто 6384.
В лѣто 6385.
В лѣто 6386.
В лѣто 6387. Умѣршю же Рюрикови предасть княжение свое Олгови, от рода ему суща, въдавъ ему на руцѣ сына своего Игоря, бяше бо молодъ велми.
В лѣто 6388.
В лѣто 6389.
В лѣто 6390. Поиде Олгъ, поемъ вои свои многы: варягы, чюдь, словѣны, мѣрю, весь, кривичи. И прия городъ Смольнескъ и посади в нем мужь свой. Оттуда поиде внизъ и, пришедъ, взя Любечь, и посади мужь свой. И придоста къ горамъ киевьскымъ, и увидѣ Олгъ, яко Осколдъ и Диръ княжита, и похорони вои въ лодьях, а другыя назади остави, а самъ приде, нося Игоря молода. И приступль под Угорьское, похоронивъ вои свои, и посла къ Асколду и Диру, глаголя, яко «Гостье есмы, идемъ въ Грѣкы от Олга и от Игоря княжича. Да придета к роду своему, к нам». Асколдъ же и Диръ придоста, и выскакаша вси из лодѣй, и рече Олгъ къ Асколъдови и Дирови: «Вы нѣста князя, ни роду княжя, но азъ есмь роду княжа», и вынесоша Игоря: «Сь сынъ Рюриковъ». И убиша Асколъда и Дира, и несоша на гору, и погребоша на горѣ, еже ся нынѣ зоветь Угорьское, идеже нынѣ Олминъ дворъ; на той могилѣ поставилъ божницю святаго Николы: и Дирова могила за святою Ориною. И сѣде Олегъ, княжа в Киевѣ, и рече Олегъ: «Се буди мати городом русскымъ». И бѣша у него словѣни и варязи и прочии, прозвашася русью. Се же Олегъ нача городы ставити, и устави дани словѣном, и кривичемъ и мерямъ, и устави варягом дань даяти от Новагорода 300 гривенъ на лѣто, мира дѣля, еже до смерти Ярославля даяше варягом.
В лѣто 6391. Поча Олегъ воевати на древляны, и примучивъ я, поча на них дань имать по черьнѣ кунѣ.
В лѣто 6392. Иде Олегъ на сѣвяры, и побѣди сѣверы, и възложи на нихъ дань легъку, и не дасть имъ козаромъ дани даяти, рекъ: «Азъ имъ противенъ, а вамъ не чему».
В лѣто 6393. Посла Олегъ к радимичем, ркя: «Кому дань даете?» Они же рѣша: «Козаром». И рече имъ Олегъ: «Не давайте козаромъ, но мнѣ давайте». И вдаша Олгови по щелягу, якоже и козаромъ даяху. И бѣ обладая Олегъ деревляны, полями, радимичи, а со уличи и тиверьци имѣяше рать.
В лѣто 6394.
В лѣто 6395. Леонъ царствова, сынъ Васильевъ, иже Левъ прозвася, и брат его Александръ, иже цесарствоваша […] лѣт 26.
В лѣто 6396.
В лѣто 6397.
В лѣто 6398.
В лѣто 6399.
В лѣто 6400.
В лѣто 6401.
В лѣто 6402.
В лѣто 6403.
В лѣто 6404.
В лѣто 6405.
Musean translation
Mouseia’s complete machine-assisted Musean translation, made directly from the Old East Slavic text of the Hypatian Codex (O. V. Tvorogov’s 1997 edition, pinned Russian Wikisource revision), covering the undated introduction and every annal from 6360 to 6625 (852–1117 CE). Worker drafts were checked against the source paragraph by paragraph before publication. Years keep the chronicle’s own reckoning from the creation of the world; subtract 5508 for the approximate year CE, as the chapter titles do.
In the year 6360, indiction 15, when the emperor Michael began to reign, the Rus' land began to be named. For this we have learned, that at the time of this emperor the Rus' came against Constantinople, as it is written in the Greek chronicle. Therefore from this point we shall begin and set down the numbers: from Adam to the flood 2242 years; from the flood to Abraham 1082 years; from Abraham to the exodus of Moses 430 years; from the exodus of Moses to David 601 years; from David, and from the beginning of Solomon's reign, to the captivity of Jerusalem 448 years; from the captivity to Alexander 318 years; from Alexander to the birth of Christ 333 years; from the birth of Christ to Constantine 318 years; and from Constantine to this Michael 542 years. From the first year of this Michael to the first year of Oleg, prince of Rus', 29 years; from the first year of Oleg, since he sat in Kyiv, to the first year of Igor, 31 years; from the first year of Igor to the first year of Sviatoslav, 33 years; from the first year of Sviatoslav to the first year of Yaropolk, 28 years; Yaropolk reigned 8 years; Vladimir reigned 37 years; Yaroslav reigned 40 years. Therefore from the death of Sviatoslav to the death of Yaroslav 85 years, and from the death of Yaroslav to the death of Sviatopolk 60 years.
But let us return to what lies before us and tell what was done in these years, as at the first we had begun with the first year of Michael, and set the numbers in order.
In the year 6361.
In the year 6362.
In the year 6363.
In the year 6364.
In the year 6365.
In the year 6366. Emperor Michael went out with his troops by land and by sea against the Bulgars. The Bulgars, seeing this, could not stand against him; they asked for baptism and to submit themselves to the Greeks. And the emperor baptized their prince and all their boyars and made peace with the Bulgars.
In the year 6367. The Varangians, coming from beyond the sea, took tribute from the Chud, and from the Slovenes, and from the Merians, and from all the Krivichians. And the Khazars took it from the Polianians, and from the Severianians, and from the Viatichians—a white pelt and a squirrel per hearth.
In the year 6368.
In the year 6369.
In the year 6370. And they drove the Varangians back beyond the sea, and gave them no tribute, and began to rule themselves. And there was no justice among them: kin rose against kin, and there were feuds among them, and they began to make war on one another. And they said: “Let us seek a prince of our own, who would rule over us and judge by agreement and by right.” And they went beyond the sea to the Varangians, to the Rus': for these Varangians were called Rus', just as others are called Swedes, and others Norsemen, and English, and still others Goths—so these were called. The Chud, the Slovenes, the Krivichians, and all said to the Rus': “Our land is great and abundant, but there is no order in it. Come, rule as princes and govern us.” And 3 brothers were chosen, with their kin, and they took with them the whole of the Rus', and came first to the Slovenes. And they built the city of Ladoga. And Rurik, the eldest, settled in Ladoga, and the second, Sineus, at Beloozero, and the third, Truvor, at Izborsk. And from those Varangians the Rus' land took its name. After two years Sineus died, and his brother Truvor with him. And Rurik took all the power alone, and came to Lake Ilmen, and built a city above the Volkhov, and they named it Novgorod, and he sat there as prince, and allotted to his men domains and cities to build: to one Polotsk, to another Rostov, to a third Beloozero. And in those cities the settlers are Varangians; the first settlers in Novgorod were the Slovenes, in Polotsk the Krivichians, in Rostov the Merians, at Beloozero the Ves, in Murom the Muroma. And Rurik held sway over all these.
And he had two men of his company, not of his kin but boyars, and they asked leave to go to Constantinople with their kindred. And they journeyed down the Dnieper, and as they went they saw a town upon a hill. And they asked, saying: “Whose is this town?” And they answered: “There were three brothers—Kyi, Shchek, and Khoryv—who built this town and perished, and we, their kin, sit here and pay tribute to the Khazars.” And Askold and Dir stayed in that town, and gathered many Varangians, and began to rule over the Polianian land, while Rurik was prince in Novgorod.
In the year 6371.
In the year 6372.
In the year 6373.
In the year 6374. Askold and Dir went against the Greeks, and came in the 14th year of the emperor Michael. The emperor had gone off against the Hagarenes and had reached the Black river when the city prefect sent him word that the Rus' were marching on Constantinople, and the emperor turned back. And they, having entered within the strait, wrought great slaughter among the Christians, and encircled Constantinople with 200 ships. The emperor with difficulty made his way into the city, and with the patriarch Photius kept prayer all night at the church of the holy Mother of God at Blachernae; and then, bringing out with hymns the divine robe of the holy Mother of God, they dipped it in the water. And when there was quiet and the sea lay tamed, at once a storm arose with the wind, and great waves rose against them, and scattered the ships of the impious Rus' and dashed them upon the shore, and destroyed them, so that few of them escaped from such ruin and made their way home.
In the year 6375.
In the year 6376. Basil began to reign as emperor.
In the year 6377. All the Bulgarian land was baptized.
In the year 6378.
In the year 6379.
In the year 6380.
In the year 6381.
In the year 6382.
In the year 6383.
In the year 6384.
In the year 6385.
In the year 6386.
In the year 6387. When Rurik died, he gave over his princedom to Oleg, one of his own kin, placing in his hands his son Igor, who was still very young.
In the year 6388.
In the year 6389.
In the year 6390. Oleg set out, taking with him many troops: Varangians, Chud, Slovenes, Merians, Ves, Krivichians. And he took the city of Smolensk and set his own man over it. From there he went on downstream and, coming to Liubech, took it and set his man over it. And they came to the Kyiv hills, and Oleg saw that Askold and Dir reigned there; and he hid his troops in the boats, and left others behind, and himself came forward, carrying the young Igor. And he came up under the Hungarian hill, having hidden his troops, and sent to Askold and Dir, saying: “We are merchants, bound for the Greeks on behalf of Oleg and of Prince Igor the young. Come out to your kin, to us.” And Askold and Dir came, and all leaped out of the boats; and Oleg said to Askold and Dir: “You are not princes, nor of princely stock; but I am of princely stock”—and they brought Igor forward: “This is Rurik's son.” And they killed Askold and Dir, bore them up the hill, and buried them on the hill that is now called the Hungarian hill, where Olma's court now stands; on that mound a church of St. Nicholas was built; and Dir's grave is behind St. Irene. And Oleg sat down as prince in Kyiv, and Oleg said: “This shall be the mother of the cities of Rus'.” And he had Slovenes and Varangians and others with him, and they were called Rus'. This Oleg began to set up towns, and set the tribute for the Slovenes, and the Krivichians, and the Merians; and he ordained that the Varangians be paid tribute from Novgorod, 300 grivnas a year, for the sake of peace—which was paid to the Varangians down to Yaroslav's death.
In the year 6391. Oleg began to make war on the Derevlianians, and having subdued them by force, began to take from them a tribute of one black marten skin apiece.
In the year 6392. Oleg went against the Severianians and defeated them, and laid upon them a light tribute, and did not allow them to pay tribute to the Khazars, saying: “I am their adversary; you owe them nothing.”
In the year 6393. Oleg sent to the Radimichians, asking: “To whom do you pay tribute?” They answered: “To the Khazars.” And Oleg said to them: “Do not give it to the Khazars; give it to me.” And they gave Oleg a shcheliag apiece, the same as they had paid the Khazars. And Oleg held sway over the Derevlianians, the Polianians, and the Radimichians, while with the Ulichians and the Tivertsians he had war.
In the year 6394.
In the year 6395. Leo, son of Basil, who was also called Lev, reigned with his brother Alexander; they reigned […] 26 years.
In the year 6396.
In the year 6397.
In the year 6398.
In the year 6399.
In the year 6400.
In the year 6401.
In the year 6402.
In the year 6403.
In the year 6404.
In the year 6405.
Plain English translation
Mouseia’s complete Plain English edition, made independently and directly from the same Old East Slavic text of the Hypatian Codex, paragraph for paragraph, and checked against the source before publication.
In the year 6360, the 15th indiction, when Emperor Michael began to reign, the land of Rus' began to be so called. We know this because in this emperor's time the Rus' came against Constantinople, as the Greek chronicle writes. So we begin from here and set down the numbers: from Adam to the flood, 2242 years; from the flood to Abraham, 1082 years; from Abraham to the exodus of Moses, 430 years; from the exodus of Moses to David, 601 years; from David, from the beginning of Solomon's kingdom, to the captivity of Jerusalem, 448 years; from the captivity to Alexander, 318 years; from Alexander to the birth of Christ, 333 years; from the birth of Christ to Constantine, 318 years; from Constantine to this Michael, 542 years. From the first year of this Michael to the first year of Oleg, prince of Rus', 29 years; from the first year of Oleg, once he had sat in Kyiv, to the first year of Igor, 31 years; from the first year of Igor to the first year of Sviatoslav, 33 years; from the first year of Sviatoslav to the first year of Yaropolk, 28 years; Yaropolk reigned 8 years; Vladimir reigned 37 years; Yaroslav reigned 40 years. So from the death of Sviatoslav to the death of Yaroslav, 85 years; and from the death of Yaroslav to the death of Sviatopolk, 60 years.
But let us return to what lies before us and tell what happened in these years, taking up again where we began before, with the first year of Michael, and setting the numbers in order.
In the year 6361.
In the year 6362.
In the year 6363.
In the year 6364.
In the year 6365.
In the year 6366. Emperor Michael went out with his troops by land and by sea against the Bulgars. When the Bulgars saw this, they could not stand against him; they asked to be baptized and to submit to the Greeks. The emperor baptized their prince and all their boyars and made peace with the Bulgars.
In the year 6367. The Varangians, coming from across the sea, took tribute from the Chud, from the Slovenes, from the Merians, and from all the Krivichians. The Khazars took it from the Polianians, the Severianians, and the Viatichians — a white pelt and a squirrel skin from each hearth.
In the year 6368.
In the year 6369.
In the year 6370. They drove the Varangians back across the sea and gave them no more tribute, and they began to govern themselves. But there was no justice among them: clan rose against clan, they had feuds, and they began to fight one another. So they said: “Let us seek a prince from among ourselves who will rule us and keep order by right.” They went across the sea to the Varangians, to the Rus'. Those Varangians were called Rus', just as others are called Swedes, others Norsemen, others English, and still others Goths — these were the same. The Chud, the Slovenes, the Krivichians, and all said to the Rus': “Our land is great and rich, but there is no order in it. Come and rule us and govern us.” Three brothers were chosen, with their clans; they took with them all the Rus' and came first to the Slovenes. They built the town of Ladoga. The eldest, Rurik, sat in Ladoga; the second, Sineus, at Beloozero; the third, Truvor, in Izborsk. From those Varangians the land of Rus' took its name. Two years later Sineus died, and his brother Truvor too. Rurik took all the power alone. He came to Lake Ilmen and built a town above the Volkhov; people named it Novgorod, and he sat there and reigned. He gave out to his men lands and towns to build: to one Polotsk, to another Rostov, to a third Beloozero. In those towns the Varangians are the newcomers. The first settlers in Novgorod were the Slovenes; in Polotsk, the Krivichians; in Rostov, the Merians; in Beloozero, the Ves; in Murom, the Muroma. Rurik held power over all of them.
He had two men, not of his kin but boyars; they asked leave to go to Constantinople with their kin. They went along the Dnieper, and going past they saw a small town on a hill. They asked: “Whose town is this?” The people said: “There were three brothers — Kyi, Shchek, and Khoryv — who built this town and then perished. We, their kin, sit here and pay tribute to the Khazars.” Askold and Dir stayed in that town, gathered many Varangians, and began to rule the land of the Polianians, while Rurik reigned in Novgorod.
In the year 6371.
In the year 6372.
In the year 6373.
In the year 6374. Askold and Dir went against the Greeks and arrived in the 14th year of Emperor Michael. The emperor had gone out against the Hagarenes and had reached the Black River when the city prefect sent him word that the Rus' were marching on Constantinople. The emperor turned back. The Rus' had entered inside the Straits; they killed many Christians and with 200 ships laid siege to Constantinople. The emperor barely made it into the city. With Patriarch Photius he kept prayer all night at the church of the Holy Mother of God at Blachernae; they also carried out the holy robe of the Mother of God with hymns and dipped it in the water. There was stillness and the sea had calmed, when suddenly a storm rose with wind; great waves rose up one after another, battered the ships of the godless Rus', threw them on shore, and destroyed them, so that only a few escaped that ruin and returned home.
In the year 6375.
In the year 6376. Basil began to reign.
In the year 6377. The whole Bulgarian land was baptized.
In the year 6378.
In the year 6379.
In the year 6380.
In the year 6381.
In the year 6382.
In the year 6383.
In the year 6384.
In the year 6385.
In the year 6386.
In the year 6387. Rurik died, and he handed his rule over to Oleg, who was of his kin, placing his son Igor in his hands, for Igor was still very young.
In the year 6388.
In the year 6389.
In the year 6390. Oleg set out, taking many troops with him: Varangians, Chud, Slovenes, Merians, Ves, and Krivichians. He took the town of Smolensk and set his own man there. From there he went on downstream, and coming to Liubech he took it and set his own man there. They came to the hills of Kyiv, and Oleg saw that Askold and Dir were ruling there. He hid troops in the boats and left others behind, and he himself came on, carrying the young Igor. He drew up below the Hungarian Hill, hiding his troops, and sent word to Askold and Dir: “We are merchants, going to the Greeks on behalf of Oleg and young Prince Igor. Come out to your kin, to us.” Askold and Dir came, and everyone leaped out of the boats. Oleg said to Askold and Dir: “You are not princes and not of princely stock, but I am of princely stock.” Then they carried Igor out: “This is Rurik's son.” They killed Askold and Dir, carried them up the hill, and buried them on the hill now called the Hungarian Hill, where Olma's courtyard is now. A church of St. Nicholas was put up on that grave, and Dir's grave is behind St. Irene's. Oleg sat as prince in Kyiv, and Oleg said: “Let this be the mother of the towns of Rus'.” He had with him Slovenes, Varangians, and others, and they were called Rus'. This Oleg began to set up towns and fixed tributes for the Slovenes, the Krivichians, and the Merians. He also set the tribute to be paid to the Varangians from Novgorod: 300 grivnas a year, for the sake of peace; this was paid to the Varangians until the death of Yaroslav.
In the year 6391. Oleg began to make war on the Derevlianians. After he had worn them down, he began to take tribute from them, one black marten skin apiece.
In the year 6392. Oleg went against the Severianians and defeated them. He laid a light tribute on them and did not let them pay tribute to the Khazars, saying: “I am their enemy; you owe them nothing.”
In the year 6393. Oleg sent to the Radimichians, asking: “To whom do you pay tribute?” They said: “To the Khazars.” Oleg said to them: “Do not give it to the Khazars; give it to me.” They gave Oleg one shcheliag apiece, as they had given the Khazars. Oleg held rule over the Derevlianians, the Polianians, and the Radimichians; with the Ulichians and the Tivertsians he had war.
In the year 6394.
In the year 6395. Leo, son of Basil, who was also called Lev, reigned with his brother Alexander; they reigned […] 26 years.
In the year 6396.
In the year 6397.
In the year 6398.
In the year 6399.
In the year 6400.
In the year 6401.
In the year 6402.
In the year 6403.
In the year 6404.
In the year 6405.