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Thoth Appeals to Osiris
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14.1 𓐍𓂋𓃀𓈖𓏏𓅱𓏏𓅱𓂋𓐍𓏛𓅱𓆓𓂝𓐣𓏛𓂡𓈖𓈖𓏥𓐍𓂋𓂞𓄿𓇋𓇋𓏏𓏛𓌳𓐙𓂝⯑𓆄𓏛𓆑𓂋𓀀𓐍𓂋𓆼𓈖𓊃𓊪𓊗𓂋𓅯𓄿𓏭𓇋𓅱𓀀𓌳𓐙𓂝𓏏𓆄𓏛𓏥𓅆𓂋𓆑𓇳𓏤𓎟𓐍𓂋𓇋𓅱𓃀𓈖𓇓𓅱𓈖𓍇𓏌𓅱𓁺𓂋𓇋𓀀𓆓𓂧𓎟ḫr bn tw≡tw (ḥr) rḫ wḏꜥ =nn ḫr ⟨bw⟩ ḏꜣy.t mꜣꜥ =f r =j ḫr ḫꜣ n sp r pꜣj jw =j mꜣꜥ(.kw)j r =f rꜥ-nb ḫr jw bn sw (ḥr) nw(ꜣ) r ((j:))ḏd nb
14.2 𓏏𓄿𓇳𓂧𓊹𓊹𓊹𓅆𓏥𓋴𓐍𓈖𓏌𓅱𓅯𓏛𓀁𓀀𓇋𓀁𓏭𓂋𓏤𓅓𓂝𓅱𓆑𓅆𓅓𓏏𓄿𓅱𓋴𓐍𓏏𓀗𓉐𓈐𓏏𓏤𓆄𓆄𓆄𓅆𓅆𓂞𓂞𓏏𓅱𓌳𓐙𓂝𓏏𓆄𓏛𓏥𓀀𓂋𓆑𓋴𓐍𓈖𓏌𓅱𓅯𓂻𓀁𓀀𓇋𓀁𓏭𓂋𓏤𓅓𓂝𓅱𓆑𓅆𓅓𓏏𓄿𓅱𓋴𓐍𓏏𓀗𓉐tꜣ psd(,t) sḫn =j j~jrʾ~mꜥw =f m tꜣ wsḫ,t wꜣ,t-mꜣꜥ,t.pl dd =tw mꜣꜥ =j r =f sḫn =j j~jrʾ~mꜥw =f m tꜣ wsḫ,t
14.3 𓅃𓅆𓏃𓈖𓏏𓏭𓂉𓂝𓃀𓄏𓄏𓄏𓅆𓂞𓂞𓏏𓅱𓌳𓐙𓂝𓏭𓆄𓏛𓏥𓂋𓆑𓋴𓐍𓈖𓏌𓅱𓅯𓂻𓀁𓀀𓇋𓀁𓏭𓂋𓏤𓅓𓂝𓅱𓆑𓅆𓅓𓏏𓄿𓅱𓋴𓐍𓏏𓀗𓉐𓇏𓏏𓈇𓏤𓄿𓈖𓏥𓂋𓏤𓊖𓂞𓂞𓏏𓅱𓌳𓐙𓂝⯑𓆄𓏛𓏥𓀀𓂋𓆑𓋴𓐍𓈖𓏌𓅱𓅯𓂻𓀁𓀀Ḥr,w-ḫnt,j-ꜥb,pl dd =tw mꜣꜥj =⟨j⟩ r =f sḫn =j j~jrʾ~mꜥw =f m tꜣ wsḫ,t sḫ,t-ꜣ~n~rʾ dd =tw mꜣꜥ =j r =f sḫn =j
14.4 𓇋𓀁𓏭𓂋𓏤𓅓𓂝𓅱𓆑𓅆𓅓𓏏𓄿𓅱𓋴𓐍𓏏𓀗𓉐𓏥𓅯𓄿𓈙𓈇𓏤𓏥𓈖𓇏𓏏𓈇𓏤𓂞𓂞𓏏𓅱𓌳𓐙𓂝𓏭𓆄𓏛𓏥𓀀𓂋𓆑𓇋𓅱𓏏𓄿𓇳𓂧𓊹𓊹𓊹𓅆𓏥𓆓𓂧𓈖𓆄𓅱𓅆𓅭𓏤𓅆𓇳𓅆𓌳𓐙𓂝𓏭𓆄𓏛𓏏𓅱𓅓𓇋𓀁𓆓𓂧𓏏𓅱𓆑𓎟𓈐𓅆𓅭𓏤𓅆𓊨𓏏𓆇𓅆j~jrʾ~mꜥw =f m tꜣ wsḫ,t{.pl} pꜣ-š{.pl}-n-sḫ,t dd =tw mꜣꜥj =j r =f jw tꜣ psd(,t) (ḥr) ḏd n Šw zꜣ-Rꜥ mꜣꜥj.ṱ m j:ḏd.ṱ =f nb Ḥr,w-zꜣ-ꜣs,t
14.5 𓆓𓂧𓅝𓅆𓈖𓎟𓂋𓇥𓂋𓅆𓇋𓅓𓅓𓂝𓉔𓄿𓃀𓅱𓏭𓂻𓍘𓇋𓅱𓆼𓄿𓍼𓏥𓈖𓊨𓇳𓅆𓐣𓏛𓂡𓆑𓅯𓄿𓂝𓆓𓂧𓀔𓏤𓏤𓆓𓂧𓇋𓈖𓆄𓅱𓅆𓅭𓏤𓅆𓇳𓂋⯑𓅆𓅓𓁨𓏤𓏥𓈖𓊃𓊪𓊗ḏd⟨.jn⟩ Ḏḥw,tj n Nb-r-ḏr jmm hꜣbwj =tj wḫꜣ n Ws-jr wḏꜥ =f pꜣ ꜥḏd 2 ḏd.jn Šw zꜣ-Rꜥ ⟨mꜣꜥj.ṱ⟩ m ḥḥ{.pl} n sp
14.6 𓅯𓄿𓆓𓂧𓅱𓅝𓅆𓈖𓏏𓄿𓇳𓂧𓊹𓊹𓊹𓅆𓏥𓃹𓈖𓇋𓈖𓎟𓂋𓇥𓂋𓅆𓁷⯑𓏤𓆓𓂧𓈖𓅝𓅆𓈞𓊃𓀔𓇋𓀁𓁹𓂋𓅱𓅱𓆼𓄿𓍼𓏤𓈖𓊨𓇳𓅆𓄔𓅓𓏛𓈖𓈖𓏥𓅯𓄿𓈖𓏏𓏭𓇋𓅱𓆑𓆓𓂧𓏏𓅱𓆑𓃹𓈖𓇋𓈖𓅝𓅆𓈞𓊃𓀔pꜣ ḏd Ḏḥw,tj n tꜣ psd(,t) wn.jn Nb-r-ḏr ḥr ḏd n Ḏḥw,tj ḥmsi̯ j:jri̯ wḫꜣ n Ws-jr sḏm =nn pꜣ n,tj jw =f (r) ḏd.ṱ =f wn.jn Ḏḥw,tj (ḥr) ḥmsi̯
14.7 𓂋𓎔𓏛𓅱𓆼𓄿𓍼𓏤𓈖𓊨𓇳𓅆𓅓𓆓𓂧𓂓𓂸𓃒𓌳𓄿𓇋𓅱𓄛𓅆𓃀𓎛𓋴𓌫𓂡𓈖𓆑⯑𓆘𓅆𓅆𓅓𓂝𓎡𓏭𓏛𓊹𓊹𓊹𓅆𓏥𓅱𓂝⯑⯑𓂡𓆑𓇾𓇾𓈇𓈇𓏥𓅃𓅆𓋞𓅆𓅠𓅓𓏛𓅓𓊃𓊪𓊗𓏥𓁶𓊪𓏭r mḥ wḫꜣ n Ws-jr m-ḏd kꜣ mꜣjw bḥs n =f nb,tj mꜥ~kj nṯr.pl wꜥ⟨f⟩ ={f} tꜣ,du{.pl} Ḥr,w-nbw gmi̯ ⟨r(m)ṯ⟩.pl m sp{.pl}-dp,j
14.8 𓇓𓆤𓂓𓂸𓃒𓅓𓁷𓂋𓏭𓄣𓏤𓉺𓏌𓊖𓅆⯑⯑𓋹𓍑𓋴𓅭𓏤𓅆𓊪𓏏𓎛𓅆𓅜𓐍𓏛𓈅𓈇𓈅𓈇𓈍𓂝𓏛𓅓𓇋𓏏𓆑𓅆𓇳𓂧𓊹𓊹𓊹𓅆𓏥𓏏𓅱𓆑𓏶𓅓𓏭𓀁𓆑𓅓𓋞𓁷⯑𓏤𓍘𓎛𓈖𓏏𓀗𓈒𓏥𓎟nsw-byt kꜣ m-ḥr,j-jb Jwn,w ꜥnḫ-(w)ḏꜣ-s(nb) zꜣ Ptḥ ꜣḫ jdb,du ḫꜥi̯ m jt psd(,t).ṱ =f wnmj =f m nbw ḥr tjḥn,t nb
14.9 𓂦𓂋𓅱𓅆𓋹𓍑𓋴𓇋𓐍𓏛𓉔𓄿𓃀𓅱𓏭𓂻𓎡𓈖𓈖𓏥𓅯𓄿𓈖𓏏𓏭𓇋𓅱𓈖𓈖𓏥𓂋𓁹𓂋𓆑𓈖𓅃𓅆𓎛𓈖𓂝𓁣𓅆𓏏𓍃𓅓𓏛𓈖𓈖𓏥𓁹𓋴𓐍𓂋𓏛𓏥𓅓𓐍𓅓𓂜𓈖𓈖𓏥𓐍𓂋𓇋𓂋𓅓𓆱𓐍𓏏𓂻𓁷⯑𓏤𓐟𓏤𓇑𓇑𓈖𓈖𓃹𓈖𓇋𓈖𓅯𓄿ḏsr ꜥnḫ-(w)ḏꜣ-s(nb) jḫ hꜣbwj =k n =n pꜣ n,tj jw =nn r jri̯ =f n Ḥr,w ḥnꜥ Stẖ tm =nn ((jri̯)) sḫr.pl m-ḫm =nn ḫr-jr-m-ḫt ⟨⸮hrw.pl?⟩ ⟨⸮qn,w?⟩ ḥr-sꜣ nn wn.jn pꜣ
14.10 𓅱𓆼𓄿𓍼𓏤𓁷⯑𓏤𓄭𓂋𓅱𓂻𓂋𓇓𓏤𓅆𓅭𓇳𓏤𓅆𓉻𓏛𓍿𓏏𓆑𓏴𓂡𓎟𓆓𓆑𓄿𓅯𓂻𓏥𓊢𓂝𓈖𓆑𓂝𓈙𓀁𓋴𓎼𓄿𓃀𓅱𓄑𓀁𓉻𓏛𓅓𓇥𓂋𓅓𓇥𓂋𓂝𓈙𓀁𓅯𓄿𓅱𓆼𓄿𓍼𓏤𓅓𓂺𓏛𓆑𓃹𓈖𓇋𓈖𓆑wḫꜣ ḥr spr r nsw zꜣ-Rꜥ ꜥꜣ ṯtf nb ḏfꜣ,pl ꜥḥꜥ.n =f (ḥr) ꜥš sgꜣ~bw ꜥꜣ m-ḏr {{m-ḏr}} ꜥš =⟨tw⟩ pꜣ wḫꜣ m-bꜣḥ =f wn.jn =f
14.11 𓋴𓐍𓆑𓏏𓍼𓂡𓏏𓅱𓆑𓄿𓋴𓍬𓂻𓊗𓏤𓏤𓊗𓏤𓏤𓂋𓅯𓄿𓈖𓏏𓏭𓎟𓂋𓇥𓂋𓅆𓇋𓅓𓎛𓈖𓂝𓂋𓏏𓄿𓇳𓂧𓊹𓊹𓊹𓅆𓏥𓂋𓆓𓂧𓇋𓀁𓁹𓂋𓏏𓅱𓎼𓄿𓃀𓅱𓏭𓅪𓅭𓏤𓅆𓅃𓅆𓁷⯑𓏤𓇋𓐍𓏛𓇋𓅱𓇋𓏌𓎡𓀀𓇋𓀁𓁹𓂋𓅱𓏏𓈖𓏥𓅓𓈖𓆱𓐍𓏏𓂡𓏥(ḥr) {s}ḫ⟨s⟩f{t}.ṱ =f ꜣs zp-2 zp-2 r pꜣ n,tj Nb-r-ḏr jm ⟨r-⟩ḥnꜥ{-r} tꜣ psd(,t) r-ḏd j:jri̯ =tw gꜣ~bwj zꜣ =(j) Ḥr,w ḥr-jḫ jw jnk j:jri̯ tn m nḫt.pl
14.12 𓐍𓂋𓇋𓅱𓇋𓏌𓎡𓀀𓁹𓅱𓌾𓏥𓇣𓏏𓏭𓌾𓏥𓂋𓋴𓋹𓈖𓐍𓊹𓊹𓊹𓅆𓏥𓏇𓇋𓈖𓄿𓇋𓄿𓅱𓏏𓊑𓄛𓏤𓏥𓁷⯑𓏤𓐟𓏤𓊹𓊹𓊹𓅆𓏥𓇋𓅱𓃀𓅱𓅠𓅓𓏛𓇓𓅱𓊹𓅆𓎟𓊹𓏏𓂋𓏏𓆇𓅆𓎟𓂋𓁹𓂋𓆑𓊢𓂝𓈖𓅯𓄿ḫr jw jnk jri̯ jt bd,tj r sꜥnḫ nṯr.pl mjnꜣ jꜣw,t.pl ḥr-sꜣ nṯr.pl jw bw gmi̯ sw nṯr nb ntr,t nb(.t) r jri̯ =f ꜥḥꜥ.n pꜣ
Musean translation
Mouseia’s complete machine-assisted Musean translation, made directly from the Egyptian, line for line, covering all sixteen pages (198 lines) of the recto of Papyrus Chester Beatty I, the only complete copy, working from the Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae transcription (hieroglyphs, transliteration and lemma glosses, with the TLA editors’ German sentence renderings as a comprehension aid; ORAEC release of the TLA corpus, CC BY-SA 4.0).
14.1 “For no one knows how to part us. Yet he has never been judged in the right against me; a thousand times by now, day after day, I have been judged in the right against him. Still he pays no heed to anything
14.2 the Ennead has said. I pleaded against him in the Hall of the Path of Truth; they judged in my favor against him. I pleaded against him in the Hall of
14.3 Horus Before the Horns; they judged in my favor against him. I pleaded against him in the Hall of the Field of Reeds; they judged in my favor against him. I pleaded
14.4 against him in the Hall of the Pool of the Field; they judged in my favor against him.” Then the Ennead said to Shu, son of Re, “Horus, son of Isis, is right in all he has said.”
14.5 Then Thoth said to the Lord of All, “Have a letter sent to Osiris, so that he may judge the two young men.” Shu, son of Re, said, “What Thoth has said to the Ennead is right a million times over.”
14.6 Then the Lord of All said to Thoth, “Sit down and write a letter to Osiris, that we may hear what he will say.” Thoth sat down
14.7 to compose a letter to Osiris, writing: “Bull, ‘Lion who hunts for himself’; Two Ladies, ‘Protector of the gods, who bends the Two Lands beneath him’; Gold Horus, ‘Inventor of humankind in the first age’;
14.8 King of Upper and Lower Egypt, ‘Bull in the heart of Heliopolis,’ life, prosperity, and health; son of Ptah, ‘He of fruitful shores, who appears as father of his Ennead, who feeds on gold and every splendid faience,’
14.9 life, prosperity, and health: send us word of what we shall do with Horus and Seth, lest we make plans in ignorance.” Now, many days after this, the
14.10 letter reached the king, the son of Re, ‘He of Great Abundance, Lord of Food.’ He cried aloud when the letter was read before him. Then he
14.11 sent an answer with all haste to the Lord of All and the Ennead, saying, “Why do you harm my son Horus, when I am the one who made you mighty,
14.12 and I am the one who made barley and emmer to sustain the gods, and the flocks after the gods, when no other god or goddess was able to do so?” Then the
Plain English translation
Mouseia’s complete Plain English edition, made independently and directly from the same Egyptian text, line for line, covering all sixteen pages (198 lines) of the recto of Papyrus Chester Beatty I, the only complete copy.
14.1 “We cannot be separated. Yet no one has ever ruled in his favor against me. They have ruled in my favor against him a thousand times by now, day after day, but he pays no attention to anything
14.2 the council of gods says. I argued my case with him in the hall called the Path of Truth. They ruled in my favor against him. I argued my case with him in the hall called
14.3 Horus Before the Horns. They ruled in my favor against him. I argued my case with him in the hall called the Field of Reeds. They ruled in my favor against him. I argued my case
14.4 with him in the hall called the Pool of the Field. They ruled in my favor against him.” Then the council of gods said to Shu, the son of Re, “Horus, son of Isis, is right in everything he has said.”
14.5 Then Thoth said to the Lord of All, “Have a letter sent to Osiris so he can judge the two young men.” Shu, the son of Re, said, “Right a million times over is
14.6 what Thoth told the council of gods.” Then the Lord of All said to Thoth, “Sit down and write a letter to Osiris. Let's hear what he has to say.” So Thoth sat down
14.7 to write the letter to Osiris. It said: “Bull, Lion Who Hunts for Himself; He of the Two Ladies, Protector of the Gods, He Who Subdues the Two Lands; Golden Horus, He Who Created People in the Beginning;
14.8 King of Upper and Lower Egypt, Bull Who Is in Heliopolis, may you live, prosper, and be healthy; Son of Ptah, He Who Makes the Two Banks Fertile, Who Appears as Father of His Council of Gods, Who Feeds on Gold and All Kinds of Fine Faience,
14.9 may you live, prosper, and be healthy: Please send us word of what we should do with Horus and Seth so we do not make plans without knowing what we are doing.” Many days after this,
14.10 the letter reached the king, the son of Re, Great in Abundance, Lord of Food. He gave a loud shout when the letter was read aloud to him. Then he
14.11 sent an answer very quickly to where the Lord of All was with the council of gods. It said: “Why are you harming my son Horus, when I am the one who made you powerful?
14.12 I am also the one who made barley and emmer to feed the gods, and likewise the small livestock after the gods, when no other god or goddess was able to do it.” Then the