Epictetus · Complete work
Chapter 40
Chapter 40 of 53. Read it here for reference, or continue through the entire work without leaving the reader.
Open the complete readerOriginal Ancient Greek
[40.1] αἱ γυναῖκες εὐθὺς ἀπὸ τεσσαρεσκαίδεκα ἐτῶν ὑπὸ τῶν ἀνδρῶν κυρίαι καλοῦνται. τοιγαροῦν ὁρῶσαι, ὅτι ἄλλο μὲν οὐδὲν αὐταῖς πρόσεστι, μόνον δὲ συγκοιμῶνται τοῖς ἀνδράσι, ἄρχονται καλλωπίζεσθαι καὶ ἐν τούτῳ πάσας ἔχειν τὰς ἐλπίδας. προσέχειν οὖν ἄξιον, ἵνα αἴσθωνται, διότι ἐπʼ οὐδενὶ ἄλλῳ τιμῶνται ἢ τῷ κόσμιαι φαίνεσθαι καὶ αἰδήμονες.
Mouseia
Mouseia’s complete machine-assisted Musean translation, made directly from all 53 Ancient Greek chapters and 105 sections for fidelity, Stoic precision, clarity, structure, and cadence.
[40.1] From the age of fourteen, women are called “mistresses” by men. Seeing, therefore, that nothing else is expected of them except to share men’s beds, they begin to adorn themselves and to place all their hopes in this. It is worth taking care, then, that they may perceive that they are honored for nothing other than appearing modest and self-respecting.
Mouseia
Mouseia’s complete Plain English edition, made independently and directly from all 53 Ancient Greek chapters and 105 sections.
[40.1] Women, as soon as they reach the age of fourteen, are called “ladies” by men. And so, seeing that nothing else is expected of them except to sleep with men, they begin to beautify themselves and to place all their hopes in that. It is therefore worth taking care that they understand that they are honored for nothing other than appearing modest and self-respecting.