Shvetashvatara Upanishad
Adhyaya 1
Sanskrit
ॐ सहनाववतु । सह नौ भुनक्तु । सह वीर्यं करवावहै । तेजस्वि नावधीतमस्तु मा विद्विषावहै ॥ॐ शान्तिः शान्तिः शान्तिः ॥
1 ॐ ब्रह्मवादिनो वदन्ति ।किं कारणं ब्रह्म कुतः स्म जाता जीवाम केन क्व च सम्प्रतिष्ठा ।अधिष्ठिताः केन सुखेतरेषु वर्तामहे ब्रह्मविदो व्यवस्थाम् ॥
2 कालः स्वभावो नियतिर्यदृच्छा भूतानि योनिः पुरुष इति चिन्त्यम् ।संयोग एषां न त्वात्मभावादात्माप्यनीशः सुखदुःखहेतोः ॥
3 ते ध्यानयोगानुगता अपश्यन्देवात्मशक्तिं स्वगुणैर्निगूढाम् ।यः कारणानि निखिलानि तानि कालात्मयुक्तान्यधितिष्ठत्येकः ॥
4 तमेकनेमिं त्रिवृतं षोडशान्तं शतार्धारं विंशतिप्रत्यराभिः ।अष्टकैः षड्भिर्विश्वरूपैकपाशं त्रिमार्गभेदं द्विनिमित्तैकमोहम् ॥
5 पञ्चस्रोतोम्बुं पञ्चयोन्युग्रवक्त्रां पञ्चप्राणोर्मिं पञ्चबुद्ध्यादिमूलाम् ।पञ्चावर्तां पञ्चदुःखौघवेगां पञ्चाशद्भेदां पञ्चपर्वामधीमः ॥
6 सर्वाजीवे सर्वसंस्थे बृहन्ते तस्मिन्हंसो भ्राम्यते ब्रह्मचक्रे ।पृथगात्मानं प्रेरितारं च मत्वा जुष्टस्ततस्तेनामृतत्वमेति ॥
7 उद्गीतमेतत्परमं तु ब्रह्म तस्मिंस्त्रयं सुप्रतिष्ठाऽक्षरं च ।अत्रान्तरं ब्रह्मविदो विदित्वा लीना ब्रह्मणि तत्परा योनिमुक्ताः ॥
8 संयुक्तमेतत्क्षरमक्षरं च व्यक्ताव्यक्तं भरते विश्वमीशः ।अनीशश्चात्मा बध्यते भोक्तृभावाज्ज्ञात्वा देवं मुच्यते सर्वपाशैः ॥
9 ज्ञाज्ञौ द्वावजावीशनीशावजा ह्येका भोक्तृभोग्यार्थयुक्ता ।अनन्तश्चात्मा विश्वरूपो ह्यकर्ता त्रयं यदा विन्दते ब्रह्ममेतत् ॥
10 क्षरं प्रधानममृताक्षरं हरः क्षरात्मानावीशते देव एकः ।तस्याभिध्यानाद्योजनात्तत्त्वभावाद्भूयश्चान्ते विश्वमायानिवृत्तिः ॥
11 ज्ञात्वा देवं सर्वपाशापहानिः क्षीणैः क्लेशेर्जन्ममृत्युप्रहाणिः ।तस्याभिध्यानात्तृतीयं देहभेदे विश्वैश्वर्यं केवल आप्तकामः ॥
12 एतज्ज्ञेयं नित्यमेवात्मसंस्थं नातः परं वेदितव्यं हि किञ्चित् ।भोक्ता भोग्यं प्रेरितारं च मत्वा सर्वं प्रोक्तं त्रिविधं ब्रह्ममेतत् ॥
13 वह्नेर्यथा योनिगतस्य मूर्तिनर्दृश्यते नैव च लिङ्गनाशः ।स भूय एवेन्धनयोनिगृह्यस्तद्वोभयं वै प्रणवेन देहे ॥
14 स्वदेहमरणिं कृत्वा प्रणवं चोत्तरारणिम् ।ध्याननिर्मथनाभ्यासाद्देवं पश्यन्निगूढवत् ॥
15 तिलेषु तैलं दधिनीव सर्पिरापः स्रोतःस्वरणीषु चाग्निः ।एवमात्माऽत्मनि गृह्यतेऽसौ सत्येनैनं तपसा योऽनुपश्यति ॥
16 सर्वव्यापिनमात्मानं क्षीरे सर्पिरिवार्पितम् ।आत्मविद्यातपोमूलं तद्ब्रह्मोपनिषत्परं तद्ब्रह्मॊपनिषत्परमिति ॥
English
Om. May he protect the two of us and provide for us. May we put our strength into our work together. May what we learn be clear and bright. May neither of us hate the other.Om. Let there be peace, peace, peace.
1 Om. People discussing Brahman ask:What causes things? Is Brahman the cause? Where did we come from? What keeps us alive? What supports us?You who know Brahman, who governs the way we live, with happiness and unhappiness, in our different situations?
2 We must consider time, the nature of things, fate, chance, the elements, the source of birth and the person.A combination of these is not enough, because there is a self. The self is not in control either, since it experiences happiness and pain.
3 They followed the practice of meditation and saw the divine Self's power, concealed by its own qualities.It alone controls all those causes, including time and the self.
4 We consider it a wheel with a single rim, three surrounding bands, sixteen ends, fifty spokes and twenty smaller spokes going the other way;it has six groups of eight, a single rope in many forms, three different routes and one delusion with two causes.
5 We consider a river: five streams of water, five birth-sources as fierce mouths, five life-breaths as waves, five kinds of awareness as its original root;it has five whirlpools, five sorrows rushing like a flood, fifty divisions and five stretches.
6 The swan travels around in this great wheel of Brahman, which gives life to everything and holds everything.It thinks of itself as separate from the one who moves it. Then, accepted by him, it becomes immortal.
7 This is sung as the highest Brahman. The three are firmly based in it, along with what never perishes.People who know Brahman understand the distinction within it. Focused on Brahman, they merge into it and are freed from birth.
8 The Lord sustains the world, where what perishes is joined to what does not, and what is visible to what is not.The self lacks control and is tied down by being the one who experiences things. Knowing the god releases it from all its ties.
9 There are two unborn beings: one knows and rules, the other does not know or rule. There is also one unborn female, connected to the experiencer and the things experienced.The limitless Self has every form and does not act. Discovering these three is discovering Brahman.
10 Basic nature breaks down; Hara does not die or break down. A single god controls both perishable nature and the self.Meditating on him, connecting with him and sharing his real nature eventually brings an end to all illusion.
11 When the god is known, every tie is removed. When suffering's causes are exhausted, birth and death are abandoned.Meditation on him brings a third condition when the body breaks apart: power over everything, being alone, with every desire satisfied.
12 This is what needs to be known. It is always present in oneself, and there is nothing further to find out beyond it.Recognize the experiencer, what is experienced and the one who moves them: this threefold Brahman is everything that has been described.
13 You cannot see the shape of fire while it is hidden in its source, but that does not mean its characteristic power is lost.It can be found again in the wood that produces it. In the same way, both can be found in the body by using Om.
14 Treat your body as the lower stick for making fire and Om as the upper one.Keep practicing the churning of meditation, and see the god who is hidden there.
15 Oil is in sesame seeds, butter in curds, water in streambeds and fire in the sticks that produce it.In the same way, a person who looks through truth and disciplined effort discovers the Self within themselves.
16 The Self is present everywhere and contained within, as butter is contained in milk.Based on self-knowledge and disciplined effort, that is Brahman, the highest secret teaching. That is Brahman, the highest secret teaching.
Adhyaya 2
1 युञ्जानः प्रथमं मनस्तत्त्वाय सविता धियः ।अग्नेर्ज्योतिर्निचाय्य पृथिव्या अध्याभरत् ॥
2 युक्तेन मनसा वयं देवस्य सवितुः सवे ।सुवर्गेयाय शक्त्या ॥
3 युक्त्वाय मनसा देवान् सुवर्यतो धिया दिवम् ।बृहज्ज्योतिः करिष्यतः सविता प्रसुवाति तान् ॥
4 युञ्जते मन उत युञ्जते धियो विप्रा विप्रस्य बृहतो विपश्चितः ।विहोत्रा दधे वयुनाविदेक इन्मही देवस्य सवितुः परिष्टुतिः ॥
5 युजे वां ब्रह्म पूर्व्यं नमोभिर्विश्लोक एतु पथ्येव सूरेः ।शृण्वन्तु विश्वे अमृतस्य पुत्रा आ ये धामानि दिव्यानि तस्थुः ॥
6 अग्निर्यत्राभिमथ्यते वायुर्यत्राधिरुध्यते ।सोमो यत्रातिरिच्यते तत्र सञ्जायते मनः ॥
7 सवित्रा प्रसवेन जुषेत ब्रह्म पूर्व्यम् ।यत्र योनिं कृणवसे न हि ते पूर्तमक्षिपत् ॥
8 त्रिरुन्नतं स्थाप्य समं शरीरं हृदीन्द्रियाणि मनसा सन्निवेश्य ।ब्रह्मोडुपेन प्रतरेत विद्वान्स्रोतांसि सर्वाणि भयानकानि ॥
9 प्राणान्प्रपीड्येह स युक्तचेष्टः क्षीणे प्राणे नासिकयोच्छ्वसीत ।दुष्टाश्वयुक्तमिव वाहमेनं विद्वान्मनो धारयेताप्रमत्तः ॥
10 समे शुचौ शर्करावह्निवालुकाविवर्जिते शब्दजलाश्रयादिभिः ।मनोनुकूले न तु चक्षुपीडने गुहानिवाताश्रयणे प्रयोजयेत् ॥
11 नीहारधूमार्कानिलानलानां खद्योतविद्युत्स्फटिकशशीनाम् ।एतानि रूपाणि पुरःसराणि ब्रह्मण्यभिव्यक्तिकराणि योगे ॥
12 पृथिव्यप्तेजोऽनिलखे समुत्थिते पञ्चात्मके योगगुणे प्रवृत्ते ।न तस्य रोगो न जरा न मृत्युः प्राप्तस्य योगाग्निमयं शरीरम् ॥
13 लघुत्वमारोग्यमलोलुपत्वं वर्णप्रसादं स्वरसौष्ठवं च ।गन्धः शुभो मूत्रपुरीषमल्पं योगप्रवृत्तिं प्रथमां वदन्ति ॥
14 यथैव बिम्बं मृदयोपलिप्तं तेजोमयं भ्राजते तत्सुधान्तम् ।तद्वाऽऽत्मतत्त्वं प्रसमीक्ष्य देही एकः कृतार्थो भवते वीतशोकः ॥
15 यदात्मतत्त्वेन तु ब्रह्मतत्त्वं दीपोपमेनेह युक्तः प्रपश्येत् ।अजं ध्रुवं सर्वतत्त्वैर्विशुद्धं ज्ञात्वा देवं मुच्यते सर्वपापैः ॥
16 एषो ह देवः प्रदिशोऽनु सर्वाः पूर्वो ह जातः स उ गर्भे अन्तः ।स एव जातः स जनिष्यमाणः प्रत्यङ्जनास्तिष्ठति सर्वतोमुखः ॥
17 यो देवॊऽग्नौ योऽप्सु यो विश्वं भुवनमाविवेश ।य ओषधीषु यो वनस्पतिषु तस्मै देवाय नमो नमः ॥
1 Savitr first directed his mind and thoughts toward reality.He saw fire's light and brought it up out of the earth.
2 With our minds directed to their task, under the guidance of the god Savitr,we use our strength to reach heaven.
3 Savitr directs the gods, who seek heaven with their thoughts, by bringing their minds to the task.He sends them forward to produce the great light.
4 The inspired thinkers direct their minds and thoughts toward the great inspired one who sees clearly.He alone knows the ways and has arranged the priests' duties. The god Savitr is praised far and wide.
5 Bowing in respect, I take up your ancient sacred words. Let the song spread out as the sun follows its route.Let all who are children of immortality listen, including those who live in heaven.
6 Where people rub sticks to make fire, where they hold the air back,where Soma flows over, that is where the mind comes into being.
7 Through Savitr's guidance, turn to the ancient Brahman.Make your home there, and the value of your good actions will not be lost.
8 Keep the body straight, with its three parts held up, and use the mind to bring the senses into the heart.A person with knowledge should use Brahman as a raft to cross all the frightening currents.
9 Control your breathing here and keep your movements steady. When the breath has weakened, breathe out through the nose.A person with knowledge must stay alert and hold the mind in check, like a vehicle pulled by badly trained horses.
10 Practice in a clean, level place without stones, fire or sand, away from the disturbance of noise, water and similar things.Choose somewhere that suits the mind without straining the eyes, with the shelter of a cave free from wind.
11 Mist, smoke, sunlight, wind, fire, fireflies, lightning, crystal and moonlight:these appearances come first in yoga and bring Brahman into view.
12 When earth, water, light, air and space appear, and yoga's fivefold character becomes active,a person who has gained a body made of yoga's fire has no illness, aging or death.
13 They say the first signs of yoga are a light body, good health, lack of greed, clear skin and a good voice,a pleasant smell, and small amounts of urine and stool.
14 A shining image covered in dirt shines again when it has been thoroughly cleaned.In the same way, someone in a body who sees the Self's true nature becomes one, reaches their goal and loses their grief.
15 Someone practicing the discipline sees Brahman's reality by means of the Self's reality, which acts like a lamp here.By knowing the god, who is unborn, constant and free of all the constituents of things, that person is freed from every wrong.
16 This god is in every direction. He was the first to be born and is inside the womb.He himself has been born and will be born. He faces people everywhere, with his face turned to every side.
17 The god who is in fire and water, who has entered the entire world,who is in plants and trees—we bow to that god, and bow again.
Adhyaya 3
1 य एको जालवानीशत ईशनीभिः सर्वांल्लोकानीशत ईशनीभिः ।य एवैक उद्भवे सम्भवे च य एतद्विदुरमृतास्ते भवन्ति ॥
2 एको हि रुद्रो न द्वितीयाय तस्थुर्य इमांल्लोकानीशत ईशनीभिः ।प्रत्यङ्जनास्तिष्ठति सञ्चुकोचान्तकाले संसृज्य विश्वा भुवनानि गोपाः ॥
3 विश्वतश्चक्षुरुत विश्वतोमुखो विश्वतोबाहुरुत विश्वतस्पात् ।सम्बाहुभ्यां धमति सम्पतत्रैर्द्यावाभूमी जनयन्देव एकः ॥
4 यो देवानां प्रभवश्चोद्भवश्च विश्वाधिपो रुद्रो महर्षिः ।हिरण्यगर्भं जनयामास पूर्वं स नो बुद्ध्या शुभया संयुनक्तु ॥
5 या ते रुद्रा शिवा तनूरघोराऽपापकाशिनी ।तया नस्तनुवा शन्तमया गिरिशन्ताभिचाकशीहि ॥
6 यामिषुं गिरिशतं हस्ते बिभर्ष्यस्तवे ।शिवां गिरित्र तां कुरु मा हिंसीः पुरुषं जगत् ॥
7 ततः परं ब्रह्म परं बृहन्तं यथा निकायं सर्वभूतेषु गूढम् ।विश्वस्यैकं परिवेष्टितारमीशं तं ज्ञात्वाऽमृता भवन्ति ॥
8 वेदाहमेतं पुरुषं महान्तमादित्यवर्णं तमसः परस्तात् ।तमेव विदित्वातिमृत्युमेति नान्यः पन्था विद्यतेऽयनाय ॥
9 यस्मात्परं नापरमस्ति किंचिद्यस्मान्नणीयो न ज्यायोऽस्ति कश्चित् ।वृक्ष इव स्तब्धो दिवि तिष्ठत्येकस्तेनेदं पूर्णं पुरुषेण सर्वम् ॥
10 ततो यदुत्तरतरं तदरूपमनामयम् ।य एतद्विदुरमृतास्ते भवन्त्यथेतरे दुःखमेवापियन्ति ॥
11 सर्वाननशिरोग्रीवः सर्वभूतगुहाशयः ।सर्वव्यापी स भगवांस्तस्मात्सर्वगतः शिवः ॥
12 महान्प्रभुर्वै पुरुषः सत्वस्यैष प्रवर्तकः ।सुनिर्मलामिमां प्राप्तिमीशानो ज्योतिरव्ययः ॥
13 अङ्गुष्ठमात्रः पुरुषोऽन्तरात्मा सदा जनानां हृदये सन्निविष्टः ।हृदा मनीषा मनसाभिक्लृप्तो य एतद्विदुरमृतास्ते भवन्ति ॥
14 सहस्रशीर्षा पुरुषः सहस्राक्षः सहस्रपात् ।स भूमिं विश्वतो वृत्वाऽत्यतिष्ठद्दशाङ्गुलम् ॥
15 पुरुष एवेदँसर्वं यद्भूतं यच्च भव्यम् ।उतामृतत्वस्येशानो यदन्नेनातिरोहति ॥
16 सर्वतः पाणिपादं तत्सर्वतोऽक्षिशिरोमुखम् ।सर्वतः श्रुतिमल्लोके सर्वमावृत्य तिष्ठति ॥
17 सर्वेन्द्रियगुणाभासं सर्वेन्द्रियविवर्जितम् ।सर्वस्य प्रभुमीशानं सर्वस्य शरणं सुहृत् ॥
18 नवद्वारे पुरे देही हंसो लेलायते बहिः ।वशी सर्वस्य लोकस्य स्थावरस्य चरस्य च ॥
19 अपाणिपादो जवनो ग्रहीता पश्यत्यचक्षुः स शृणोत्यकर्णः ।स वेत्ति वेद्यं न च तस्यास्ति वेत्ता तमाहुरग्र्यं पुरुषं महान्तम् ॥
20 अणोरणीयान्महतो महीयानात्मा गुहायां निहितोऽस्य जन्तोः ।तमक्रतुः पश्यति वीतशोको धातुः प्रसादान्महिमानमीशम् ॥
21 वेदाहमेतमजरं पुराणं सर्वात्मानं सर्वगतं विभुत्वात् ।जन्मनिरोधं प्रवदन्ति यस्य ब्रह्मवादिनो हि प्रवदन्ति नित्यम् ॥
1 The one with the net uses his powers to rule. He uses those powers to govern every world.He alone is present when things arise and come into being. Anyone who knows this becomes immortal.
2 There is only one Rudra. They have not taken their stand beside a second one. He controls these worlds through his powers.Facing all people, he guards all the worlds he created and takes them back into himself at the end.
3 He has eyes, faces, arms and feet on every side.This one god brings things together with arms and wings as he produces heaven and earth.
4 Rudra is the great seer who governs everything, the source from which the gods come.He produced the Golden Embryo at the beginning. May he give us sound and fortunate understanding.
5 Rudra, you have a kindly form that is not frightening and does not show evil.You who live in the mountains, look at us with that most peaceful form.
6 You who live in the mountains, you hold an arrow in your hand, ready to shoot.You who guard the mountains, make it harmless. Do not hurt a person or the living world.
7 Beyond that is Brahman, the highest and greatest, hidden in every being according to its body.Knowing that Lord, the single one who surrounds the universe, makes people immortal.
8 I know this great Person, bright like the sun and beyond darkness.Only knowing him takes you past death. There is no other way to reach that destination.
9 There is nothing above or below him, nothing smaller or bigger than him.He stands alone in heaven, motionless like a tree. That Person fills everything here.
10 What is still higher than that has no shape and no suffering.Those who know this become immortal. Other people go only into suffering.
11 He has every face, head and neck, and lives in the hidden space inside every being.The blessed one is present everywhere; so Shiva is in all places.
12 The Person is indeed a great ruler, who causes existence to develop.He controls this completely pure attainment and is a light that never runs out.
13 The inner Self is the Person, the size of a thumb, always located in people's hearts.The heart, understanding and mind can grasp him. People who know this become immortal.
14 The Person has a thousand heads, a thousand eyes and a thousand feet.He covered the earth on every side and reached ten fingers beyond it.
15 Everything here is the Person, both what has happened and what will happen.He is the ruler of immortality and of everything that grows by feeding.
16 It has hands, feet, eyes, heads and faces everywhere.It has ears all around the world and remains there, surrounding everything.
17 It appears through the abilities of all the senses but has none of the senses itself.It rules and governs everything, gives everything shelter and is a friend to all.
18 The embodied swan plays out toward the world from the city with nine gates.It controls everything in the world, both things that stay still and things that move.
19 He has no hands or feet but moves quickly and takes hold. He has no eyes but sees, no ears but hears.He knows whatever there is to know, but nobody knows him. They call him the first and the great Person.
20 The Self is smaller than small things and larger than large things, hidden in this creature's inner space.A person without desire or grief sees the Lord's greatness through the Creator's favor.
21 I know this ancient one who never ages, the Self of everything, present everywhere because he extends through everything.Those who speak about Brahman say he ends birth. They also say he is eternal.
Adhyaya 4
1 य एकोऽवर्णो बहुधा शक्तियोगाद्वर्णाननेकान्निहितार्थो दधाति ।विचैति चान्ते विश्वमादौ च देवः स नो बुद्ध्या शुभया संयुनक्तु ॥
2 तदेवाग्निस्तदादित्यस्तद्वायुस्तदु चन्द्रमाः ।तदेव शुक्रं तद्ब्रह्म तदापस्तत्प्रजापतिः ॥
3 त्वं स्त्री पुमानसि त्वं कुमार उत वा कुमारी ।त्वं जीर्णो दण्डेन वञ्चसि त्वं जातो भवसि विश्वतोमुखः ॥
4 नीलः पतङ्गो हरितो लोहिताक्षस्तडिद्गर्भ ऋतवः समुद्राः ।अनादिमत्त्वं विभुत्वेन वर्तसे यतो जातानि भुवनानि विश्वा ॥
5 अजामेकां लोहितशुक्लकृष्णां बह्वीः प्रजाः सृजमानां सरूपाः ।अजो ह्येको जुषमाणोऽनुशेते जहात्येनां भुक्तभोगामजोऽन्यः ॥
6 द्वा सुपर्णा सयुजा सखाया समानं वृक्षं परिषस्वजाते ।तयोरन्यः पिप्पलं स्वाद्वत्त्यनश्नन्नन्योऽभिचाकशीति ॥
7 समाने वृक्षे पुरुषो निमग्नोऽनीशया शोचति मुह्यमानः ।जुष्टं यदा पश्यत्यन्यमीशमस्य महिमानमिति वीतशोकः ॥
8 ऋचो अक्षरे परमे व्योमन्यस्मिन्देवा अधि विश्वे निषेदुः ।यस्तं न वेद किमृचा करिष्यति य इत्तद्विदुस्त इमे समासते ॥
9 छन्दांसि यज्ञाः क्रतवो व्रतानि भूतं भव्यं यच्च वेदा वदन्ति ।अस्मान्मायी सृजते विश्वमेतत्तस्मिंश्चान्यो मायया सन्निरुद्धः ॥
10 मायां तु प्रकृतिं विद्यान्मायिनं च महेश्वरम् ।तस्यवयवभूतैस्तु व्याप्तं सर्वमिदं जगत् ॥
11 यो योनिं योनिमधितिष्ठत्येको यस्मिन्निदं सं च विचैति सर्वम् ।तमीशानं वरदं देवमीड्यं निचाय्येमां शान्तिमत्यन्तमेति ॥
12 यो देवानां प्रभवश्चोद्भवश्च विश्वाधिपो रुद्रो महर्षिः ।हिरण्यगर्भं पश्यत जायमानं स नो बुद्ध्या शुभया संयुनक्तु ॥
13 यो देवानामधिपो यस्मिन्ल्लोका अधिश्रिताः ।य ईशेऽस्य द्विपदश्चतुष्पदः कस्मै देवाय हविषा विधेम ॥
14 सूक्ष्मातिसूक्ष्मं कलिलस्य मध्ये विश्वस्य स्रष्टारमनेकरूपम् ।विश्वस्यैकं परिवेष्टितारं ज्ञात्वा शिवं शान्तिमत्यन्तमेति ॥
15 स एव काले भुवनस्य गोप्ता विश्वाधिपः सर्वभूतेषु गूढः ।यस्मिन्युक्ता ब्रह्मर्षयो देवताश्च तमेवं ज्ञात्वा मृत्युपाशांश्छिनत्ति ॥
16 घृतात्परं मण्डमिवातिसूक्ष्मं ज्ञात्वा शिवं सर्वभूतेषु गूढम् ।विश्वस्यैकं परिवेष्टितारं ज्ञात्वा देवं मुच्यते सर्वपाशैः ॥
17 एष देवो विश्वकर्मा महात्मा सदा जनानां हृदये सन्निविष्टः ।हृदा मनीषा मनसाभिक्लृप्तो य एतद् विदुरमृतास्ते भवन्ति ॥
18 यदाऽतमस्तन्न दिवा न रात्रिर्न सन्नचासच्छिव एव केवलः ।तदक्षरं तत्सवितुर्वरेण्यं प्रज्ञा च तस्मात्प्रसृता पुराणी ॥
19 नैनमूर्ध्वं न तिर्यञ्चं न मध्ये न परिजग्रभत् ।न तस्य प्रतिमा अस्ति यस्य नाम महद्यशः ॥
20 न संदृशे तिष्ठति रूपमस्य न चक्षुषा पश्यति कश्चनैनम् ।हृदा हृदिस्थं मनसा य एनमेवं विदुरमृतास्ते भवन्ति ॥
21 अजात इत्येवं कश्चिद्भीरुः प्रपद्यते ।रुद्र यत्ते दक्षिणं मुखं तेन मां पाहि नित्यम् ॥
22 मा नस्तोके तनये मा न आयुषि मा नो गोषु मा न अश्वेषु रीरिषः ।वीरान् मा नो रुद्र भामितोऽवधीर्हविष्मन्तः सदामित्त्वा हवामहे ॥
1 The one god has no color, but by combining his powers he takes on many colors, keeping his purpose hidden.At the end the universe dissolves in him, and at the beginning it arises in him. May he give us sound and fortunate understanding.
2 That is fire itself, the sun, the wind and the moon.It is the bright one, Brahman, the waters and Prajapati.
3 You are a woman and a man. You are a young boy and a young girl.You are an old person leaning on a walking stick. You are born with your face turned everywhere.
4 You are a blue bird, a green one with red eyes, lightning's womb, the seasons and the oceans.You have no beginning and exist everywhere. All worlds have come from you.
5 A single unborn female, red, white and black, gives birth to many beings that look like her.One unborn male stays beside her and enjoys her; another has enjoyed her and leaves her behind.
6 Two birds with beautiful wings are close companions. They cling to the same tree.One eats the sweet fig growing there. The other does not eat but watches.
7 On that same tree, the person is caught up in things, confused and grieving because he has no control.When he sees the other, the Lord who is loved, and recognizes his greatness, his grief goes away.
8 The sacred verses are in the highest space, in what cannot perish, where all the gods have settled.What can someone do with a verse without knowing that? The people who know it sit together here.
9 Verse meters, sacrifices, ritual acts, vows, past and future things and everything the Vedas describe:from this the one with the power of illusion produces the whole world. In it another is held fast by illusion.
10 Understand nature as illusion, and the great Lord as the one who uses illusion.Beings that form parts of him fill this entire world.
11 There is one who controls every source of birth. Everything here comes together in him and breaks up in him.Recognizing that god, the ruler who grants gifts and deserves praise, brings this peace that has no end.
12 Rudra, the great seer and ruler of everything, is where the gods originate and come into being.Look at the Golden Embryo as it is born. May he give us sound and fortunate understanding.
13 He governs the gods, and the worlds depend on him.He rules the two-legged and four-legged beings here. To which god should we give our offering?
14 He is finer than the finest thing, within the tangle, the many-formed maker of the world.Knowing Shiva, the one who surrounds everything, brings peace that has no end.
15 He alone guards the world through time, rules everything and is hidden inside all beings.Know him in this way, the one with whom the seers of Brahman and the gods are united, and you cut the ties of death.
16 Know Shiva, hidden in every being, extremely fine, like an essence finer than clarified butter.Know the god who alone surrounds the universe, and all your ties are released.
17 This god made everything. He is the great Self, always present in people's hearts.He can be recognized through the heart, understanding and mind. People who know this become immortal.
18 When there is no darkness, there is no day or night, nothing that is or is not. There is only Shiva.That cannot perish; it is Savitr's, worthy of being chosen. Ancient wisdom has come out of it.
19 Nobody has taken hold of him above, to the side or in the middle.There is no image of the one whose name is great glory.
20 His shape is not something you can see. Nobody sees him with their eyes.He is in the heart. People who know him this way, through heart and mind, become immortal.
21 A frightened person turns to him and says, "You have never been born."Rudra, always protect me with your kind face.
22 Do not hurt our children, their offspring, our lives, our cattle or our horses.Rudra, do not kill our warriors in anger. We always call on you with offerings.
Adhyaya 5
1 द्वे अक्षरे ब्रह्मपरे त्वनन्ते विद्याविद्ये निहिते यत्र गूढे ।क्षरं त्वविद्यां ह्यमृतं तु विद्या विद्याविद्ये ईशते यस्तु सोऽन्यः ॥
2 यो योनिं योनिमधितिष्ठत्येको विश्वानि रूपाणि योनीश्च सर्वाः ।ऋषिं प्रसूतं कपिलं यस्तमग्रे ज्ञानैर्बिभर्ति जायमानं च पश्येत् ॥
3 एकैकं जालं बहुधा विकुर्वन्नस्मिन्क्षेत्रे संहरत्येष देवः ।भूयः सृष्ट्वा पतयस्तथेशः सर्वाधिपत्यं कुरुते महात्मा ॥
4 सर्वा दिश ऊर्ध्वमधश्च तिर्यक्प्रकाशयन्भ्राजते यद्वनड्वान् ।एवं स देवो भगवान्वरेण्यो योनिस्वभावानधितिष्ठत्येकः ॥
5 यच्च स्वभावं पचति विश्वयोनिः पाच्यांश्च सर्वान् परिणामयेद्यः ।सर्वमेतद्विश्वमधितिष्ठत्येको गुणांश्च सर्वान्विनियोजयेद्यः ॥
6 तद्वेदगुह्योपनिषत्सु गूढं तद्ब्रह्मा वेदते ब्रह्मयोनिम् ।ये पूर्वं देवा ऋषयश्च तद्विदुस्ते तन्मया अमृता वै बभूवुः ॥
7 गुणान्वयो यः फलकर्मकर्ता कृतस्य तस्यैव स चोपभोक्ता ।स विश्वरूपस्त्रिगुणस्त्रिवर्त्मा प्राणाधिपः सञ्चरति स्वकर्मभिः ॥
8 अङ्गुष्ठमात्रो रवितुल्यरूपः सङ्कल्पाहङ्कारसमन्वितो यः ।बुद्धेर्गुणेनात्मगुणेन चैव आराग्रमात्रोऽप्यपरोऽपि दृष्टः ॥
9 बालाग्रशतभागस्य शतधा कल्पितस्य च ।भागो जीवः स विज्ञेयः स चानन्त्याय कल्पते ॥
10 नैव स्त्री न पुमानेष न चैवायं नपुंसकः ।यद्यच्छरीरमादत्ते तेने तेने स युज्यते ॥
11 सङ्कल्पनस्पर्शनदृष्टिमोहैर्ग्रासांबुवृष्ट्यात्मविवृद्धिजन्म ।कर्मानुगान्यनुक्रमेण देही स्थानेषु रूपाण्यभिसम्प्रपद्यते ॥
12 स्थूलानि सूक्ष्माणि बहूनि चैव रूपाणि देही स्वगुणैर्वृणोति ।क्रियागुणैरात्मगुणैश्च तेषां संयोगहेतुरपरोऽपि दृष्टः ॥
13 अनाद्यनन्तं कलिलस्य मध्ये विश्वस्य स्रष्टारमनेकरूपम् ।विश्वस्यैकं परिवेष्टितारं ज्ञात्वा देवं मुच्यते सर्वपाशैः ॥
14 भावग्राह्यमनीडाख्यं भावाभावकरं शिवम् ।कलासर्गकरं देवं ये विदुस्ते जहुस्तनुम् ॥
1 Two things, knowledge and ignorance, are hidden in the highest Brahman, which is limitless and cannot perish.Ignorance is something that passes away; knowledge does not die. The ruler of knowledge and ignorance is different from either.
2 One being governs every womb, every form and every source of birth.At the beginning he supports the sage Kapila with knowledge as Kapila is born, and sees him coming into being.
3 This god changes each net into many different forms, then draws it back into this field.After creating the lords again, the Lord, the great Self, takes charge of everything.
4 The ox shines and gives light in all directions, above, below and to either side.In the same way the blessed god, worthy of being chosen, is the single ruler of the natures that come from the different sources of birth.
5 As the source of the universe, he brings each thing's own nature to maturity and develops everything that can mature.He alone directs this whole world and puts all its qualities in their places.
6 This is hidden in the Upanishads, which contain the Veda's secret. Brahma knows it as the source of Brahman.The gods and seers who knew it long ago became one with it and became immortal.
7 The one who acts is connected with the qualities and performs actions that have results. He himself experiences the results of what he has done.He takes all kinds of forms, has three qualities and follows three paths. He governs the life-breaths and moves on according to his own actions.
8 He is as big as a thumb and looks like the sun. He is accompanied by intentions and the sense of being "I."Through the qualities of understanding and of the self, he is also seen differently, as only the size of the point of a goad.
9 Divide the tip of a hair into a hundred parts, then divide one of those parts into a hundred again.That is how small the living self should be understood to be, but it can become infinite.
10 It is not female, not male, and not neuter.Whichever body it takes on is the body it is joined to.
11 Intention, touch, sight and confusion, food, water and rain bring growth and birth to the self.In one place after another, someone living in a body takes on forms in the order set by their actions.
12 Through its own qualities the embodied self chooses many bodies, some coarse and some fine.Through the qualities of their activities and of their selves, another being is also seen as the reason for their connection.
13 He has neither a beginning nor an end. He is within the tangle, makes the world and has many forms.Knowing this god, the one who surrounds the whole universe, frees a person from every tie.
14 Those who know the god through inner feeling, the one called nestless, Shiva, who produces both existence and nonexistence,who creates the parts of things, have given up the body.
Adhyaya 6
1 स्वभावमेके कवयो वदन्ति कालं तथान्ये परिमुह्यमानाः ।देवस्यैष महिमा तु लोके येनेदं भ्राम्यते ब्रह्मचक्रम् ॥
2 येनावृतं नित्यमिदं हि सर्वं ज्ञः कालकारो गुणी सर्वविद्यः ।तेनेशितं कर्म विवर्तते ह पृथिव्यप्तेजोनिलखानि चिन्त्यम् ॥
3 तत्कर्म कृत्वा विनिवर्त्य भूयस्तत्त्वस्य तत्त्वेन समेत्य योगम् ।एकेन द्वाभ्यां त्रिभिरष्टभिर्वा कालेन चैवात्मगुणैश्च सूक्ष्मैः ॥
4 आरभ्य कर्माणि गुणान्वितानि भावांश्च सर्वान् विनियोजयेद्यः ।तेषामभावे कृतकर्मनाशः कर्मक्षये याति स तत्त्वतोऽन्यः ॥
5 आदिः स संयोगनिमित्तहेतुः परस्त्रिकालादकलोऽपि दृष्टः ।तं विश्वरूपं भवभूतमीड्यं देवं स्वचित्तस्थमुपास्य पूर्वम् ॥
6 स वृक्षकालाकृतिभिः परोऽन्यो यस्मात्प्रपञ्चः परिवर्ततेऽयम् ।धर्मावहं पापनुदं भगेशं ज्ञात्वात्मस्थममृतं विश्वधाम ॥
7 तमीश्वराणां परमं महेश्वरं तं देवतानां परमं च दैवतम् ।पतिं पतीनां परमं परस्ताद्विदाम देवं भुवनेशमीड्यम् ॥
8 न तस्य कार्यं करणं च विद्यते न तत्समश्चाभ्यधिकश्च दृश्यते ।परास्य शक्तिर्विविधैव श्रूयते स्वाभाविकी ज्ञानबलक्रिया च ॥
9 न तस्य कश्चित्पतिरस्ति लोके न चेशिता नैव च तस्य लिङ्गम् ।स कारणं करणाधिपाधिपो न चास्य कश्चिज्जनिता न चाधिपः ॥
10 यस्तन्तुनाभ इव तन्तुभिः प्रधानजैः स्वभावतः ।देव एकः स्वमावृणोति स नो दधातु ब्रह्माप्ययम् ॥
11 एको देवः सर्वभूतेषु गूढः सर्वव्यापी सर्वभूतान्तरात्मा ।कर्माध्यक्षः सर्वभूताधिवासः साक्षी चेता केवलो निर्गुणश्च ॥
12 एको वशी निष्क्रियाणां बहूनामेकं बीजं बहुधा यः करोति ।तमात्मस्थं येऽनुपश्यन्ति धीरास्तेषां सुखं शाश्वतं नेतरेषाम् ॥
13 नित्यो नित्यानां चेतनश्चेतनानामेको बहूनां यो विदधाति कामान् ।तत्कारणं सांख्ययोगाधिगम्यं ज्ञात्वा देवं मुच्यते सर्वपाशैः ॥
14 न तत्र सूर्यो भाति न चन्द्रतारकं नेमा विद्युतो भान्ति कुतोऽयमग्निः ।तमेव भान्तमनुभाति सर्वं तस्य भासा सर्वमिदं विभाति ॥
15 एको हंसः भुवनस्यास्य मध्ये स एवाग्निः सलिले संनिविष्टः ।तमेव विदित्वातिमृत्युमेति नान्यः पन्था विद्यतेऽयनाय ॥
16 स विश्वकृद् विश्वविदात्मयोनिर्ज्ञः कालकालो गुणी सर्वविद्यः ।प्रधानक्षेत्रज्ञपतिर्गुणेशः संसारमोक्षस्थितिबन्धहेतुः ॥
17 स तन्मयो ह्यमृत ईशसंस्थो ज्ञः सर्वगो भुवनस्यास्य गोप्ता ।य ईशेऽस्य जगतो नित्यमेव नान्यो हेतुर्विद्यत ईशनाय ॥
18 यो ब्रह्माणं विदधाति पूर्वं यो वै वेदांश्च प्रहिणोति तस्मै ।तं ह देवमात्मबुद्धिप्रकाशं मुमुक्षुर्वै शरणमहं प्रपद्ये ॥
19 निष्कलं निष्क्रियंशान्तं निरवद्यं निरञ्जनम् ।अमृतस्य परंसेतुं दग्धेन्दनमिवानलम् ॥
20 यदा चर्मवदाकाशं वेष्टयिष्यन्ति मानवाः ।तदा देवमविज्ञाय दुःखस्यान्तो भविष्यति ॥
21 तपःप्रभावाद् देवप्रसादाच्च ब्रह्म ह श्वेताश्वतरोऽथ विद्वान् ।अत्याश्रमिभ्यः परमं पवित्रं प्रोवाच सम्यगृषिसङ्घजुष्टम् ॥
22 वेदान्ते परमं गुह्यं पुराकल्पे प्रचोदितम् ।नाप्रशान्ताय दातव्यं नापुत्रायाशिष्याय वा पुनः ॥
23 यस्य देवे परा भक्तिः यथा देवे तथा गुरौ ।तस्यैते कथिता ह्यर्थाः प्रकाशन्ते महात्मनः ॥प्रकाशन्ते महात्मन इति ।
ॐ सह नाववतु । सह नौ भुनक्तु । सह वीर्यं करवावहै । तेजस्वि नावधीतमस्तु मा विद्विषावहै ॥ॐ शान्तिः शान्तिः शान्तिः ॥
॥ इति श्वेताश्वतरोपनिषत्समाप्ता ॥
1 Some thinkers are confused and say that things come from their own nature. Others say time is the cause.But what turns this wheel of Brahman is the god's greatness at work in the world.
2 He always surrounds everything here. He knows, makes time, possesses qualities and has all knowledge.Actions develop under his direction. We must consider earth, water, light, air and space.
3 After doing that work and then turning away from it, a person comes into union with the true nature of reality,through one, two, three or eight, and through time and the self's subtle qualities—
4 the one who sets actions with their qualities in motion and puts all conditions of existence in order,when those conditions disappear and past actions are destroyed, goes beyond them as action runs out, truly different from them.
5 He is the beginning and the cause of things coming together. He is beyond past, present and future and is seen as having no parts.First worship this god, who takes every form, is the source of existence, deserves praise and is present in your own mind;
6 he is different from and beyond the tree, time and forms. This whole expanded world turns because of him.Know him within yourself: immortal, the home of everything, bringing what is right, removing evil and ruling good fortune.
7 Let us know the god who deserves praise and rules the world: the highest Lord over all rulers, the highest god over the gods,the master over every master, the highest one beyond them all.
8 He has no task to do and no tool for doing it. Nobody can be seen who is equal to him or better than he is.We hear of his higher power in many forms. Knowledge, strength and action belong to his own nature.
9 There is nobody in the world who is his master or who directs him, and there is no mark that defines him.He is the cause and rules the rulers of the senses. Nobody produced him and nobody has authority over him.
10 By his own nature, the one god covers himself with threads that come from basic nature,just as a spider does with its threads. May he let us merge into Brahman.
11 One god is hidden in every being. He is everywhere and is the inner Self of all beings.He oversees actions and is the home of every being, the witness who is aware, alone and without qualities.
12 One ruler of the many who do not act turns one seed into many forms.Wise people who see him inside themselves have happiness that lasts. Others do not.
13 Among those who last, he is eternal; among those who are aware, he is conscious. He alone provides what the many desire.Knowing that god, the cause reached through analysis and yoga, frees a person from every tie.
14 The sun does not shine there, nor do the moon and stars, nor these flashes of lightning. How could this fire shine there?Everything else shines by following his shining. His light makes all of this bright.
15 The single swan at the center of this world is also the fire contained in water.Only knowing him takes you past death. There is no other way to reach that destination.
16 He makes the world and knows it. He produces himself, knows, is the time of time, possesses qualities and has all knowledge.He governs basic nature and the knower of the field, rules the qualities and causes rebirth, release, continued existence and bondage.
17 He consists of that, does not die, is established in rule, knows and is everywhere. He guards this world.He is always the one who governs it. There is no other cause of its being governed.
18 The god first created Brahma and gave him the Vedas.He lights up our understanding of the Self. I want to be free, so I take refuge in him:
19 he has no parts and does not act. He is at peace, free of fault and free of stains,the highest bridge to immortality, like a fire that has burned up all its fuel.
20 When people manage to roll up space as if it were a piece of hide,then they will be able to end suffering without knowing the god.
21 Through the force of disciplined effort and the god's favor, the wise Shvetashvatarafully taught the highest, purest Brahman, welcomed by the gathered seers, to people beyond life's stages.
22 This deepest secret at the end of the Veda was taught in an earlier age.It must not be given to someone whose mind is not calm, or to someone who is neither a son nor a student.
23 Someone with a great soul who is deeply devoted to the god, and equally devoted to the teacher,will see these teachings clearly when they are explained.The person with a great soul sees them clearly. That is what is said.
Om. May he protect the two of us and provide for us. May we put our strength into our work together. May what we learn be clear and bright. May neither of us hate the other.Om. Let there be peace, peace, peace.
The Shvetashvatara Upanishad is now complete.